语法隐喻的话语建构功能探索  

On the function of grammatical metaphor in constructing discourse structure

作　　者：张德禄[1] 赵静 Zhang Delu;Zhao Jing

机构地区：[1]同济大学外国语学院

出　　处：《外语教学》2023年第1期1-7,共7页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：2022年度国家社会科学基金项目“多模态话语建构中模态配置的机制和机理研究”(项目编号:22BYY002)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：本研究旨在探讨语法隐喻在话语意义建构中的功能,包括语法隐喻的一致式和隐喻式的判定标准,语法隐喻产生的动因及语法隐喻选择的综合模式和遵循的基本原则。经研究发现:1)一致式和隐喻式的界限可以通过语系发生学、个体发生学和语篇发生学三个视角来判定,并可以通过典型性语法模式、隐喻性低的隐喻式语法模式、意义和形式的关系来描述一致式的基本标准,确定两者的界线;2)语法隐喻的基本动因是话语建构中在一致式基础上附加新的意义,并且得到前景化;3)在话语建构中对语法隐喻的选择需要遵循四个基本原则:建构语篇体裁宏观结构优先原则、情景语境支配具体意义选择原则、隐喻式一语多义原则和附加意义前景化原则。本研究将会对不同体裁的口语和写作语篇的意义模式建构有一定启示。The present study aims to explore the function of grammatical metaphor in the construction of the semantic structure of discourse, including the criteria for determining what is congruent and what is metaphorical, the motivation of grammatical metaphor and the comprehensive model and the basic principles for the choice of grammatical metaphor in discourse construction. It is found that: 1) the dividing line between the congruent and the metaphorical can be drawn from the following three perspectives of psylogenesis, ontogenesis and logogenesis, and the basic criteria of the congruent can be described in terms of typical grammatical variants, less metaphorical grammatical variants, and the relationship between form and meaning;2) the basic motivation of grammatical metaphor is to add a new layer of meaning to the congruent and get foregrounded;and 3) in discourse construction, the choice of grammatical metaphor needs to follow four basic principles: a) the principle of prioritizing the construction of the macro-structure of the discourse genre;b) the principle of context of situation dominating the choice of detailed meanings of the discourse;c) the principle of polysemous nature of the metaphorical form;and d) the principle of foregrounding of the additional layer of meaning. This study can shed light on the construction of the semantic patterns in spoken and written discourses of different genres.

关 键 词：语法隐喻 意义模式 一致式 隐喻式 语义结构 话语建构 

分 类 号：H05[语言文字—语言学]