中国艺术中非时间的“古雅”观  

The Non-Time View of“Elegance”in Chinese Art

作　　者：朱良志[1] Zhu Liangzhi(Department of Philosophy,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学哲学系,北京100871

出　　处：《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第1期55-68,共14页Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：在中国古代艺术观念中,存在着一种“非时间”的古雅观,它以超越时间、挣脱知识束缚、在历史背后追踪人真实生命感受为重要特点,强调创造的动能和生命价值的实现不是来自过往的经典和权威等,而是来自人当下直接的生命体验。这“非时间”的古雅学观,大体涉及四个概念:侧重超越历史和传统的“古雅”(狭义),强调超越礼仪秩序的“文雅”,解除知识和权威束缚的“典雅”,崇尚诸法平等、摒弃“名”的追求的“风雅”。反映出宋元以来文人艺术的独特审美情趣。In the concepts of ancient Chinese art,there was a“non-time"view of“elegance",which was characterized by transcending time,breaking free from the shackles of knowledge,and tracing people's feeling of real life behind history.This view emphasized that the kinetic energy of creation and the realization of life value did not come from the past classics and authorities,but from people's direct life experience in the present.This“"non-time”view of“elegance”generally involved four concepts.They are“transhistorical elegance”(古雅)that focuses on transcending history and tradition,“trans-ritual elegance(文雅)that emphasizes transcending the ceremonial order,“trans-knowledge elegance"(典雅)that is free from the shackles of knowledge and authority,and“fame-free elegance"”(风雅)that advocates the equality of all laws and abandons the pursuit of“fame".It reflected the literati's unique aesthetic taste of art after the Song and Yuan Dynasties.

关 键 词：非时间 古雅 文雅 典雅 风雅 

分 类 号：J01[艺术—艺术理论]