“炫耀性消费”、制度演化与精神奴役  

"Conspicuous Consumption", Institutional Evolution and Spiritual Slavery

作　　者：朱宝清 Zhu Baoqing

机构地区：[1]复旦大学马克思主义学院 [2]中国人民大学经济学院比较政治经济学研究中心

出　　处：《理论界》2022年第11期49-55,共7页Theory Horizon

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“马克思主义政治经济学视角的国家理论演进及其当代意义研究”(21YJC790033)的研究成果。

摘　　要：在《有闲阶级论》中,凡勃伦指出有闲阶级本身就是一种制度设定并遵循着“炫耀性”的消费准则和思维方式,对于这一事实和动机的阐释是从制度演化视角出发的。本文指出,在凡勃伦的“炫耀性消费”观点中,有三个方面值得重新检视:首先,在涉及歧视性问题上,凡勃伦实际上隐含了一个稀缺性假定,且这种稀缺更多地表现为社会性资源的稀缺;其次,对金钱本身和金钱“衍生品”的崇尚实际上表达了人类本性中一种享受“优越感”的欲望,并通过不断地制造稀缺、获得稀缺来满足,而这一过程正加速将人类带入精神奴役之路;最后,有闲阶级作为一种制度演化的结果,也代表着这种制度本身,凡勃伦事实上仅仅是揭示了这种贯穿且与人性相关的制度始终如一的现实,而且认为靠物质方面的进步或优先发展并不能根本克服人性的弱点和带来制度的发展。In The Theory of the Leisure Class, Veblen pointed out that the leisure class itself is a system setting and follows the "conspicuous" consumption norms and ways of thinking. The interpretation of this fact and motivation is from the perspective of institutional evolution. This article points out that in Veblen’s "conspicuous consumption" viewpoint, there are three aspects that deserve to be revisited: Firstly, when it comes to discriminatory issues,Veblen actually implies an assumption of scarcity and it is more expressed as the scarcity of social resources. Secondly, the advocacy of money itself and money "derivatives" actually expresses a desire to enjoy "superiority" in human nature and it is satisfied by continuously creating scarcity and obtaining it, which is accelerating human beings into the road of spiritual slavery.Finally, as a result of institutional evolution, the leisure class also represents the this system itself. In fact, Veblen only reveals the reality of this system that runs through the system related to human nature, and he believes that material progress or priority development cannot fundamentally overcome the weakness of human nature and bring about system development.

关 键 词：炫耀性消费 制度演化 稀缺性 异化 精神奴役 

分 类 号：F09[经济管理—政治经济学]