麦克哈格与西蒙兹生态设计理念中的生态审美意蕴比较研究  

A Comparative Study on the Ecological Aesthetics between lan L.McHarg and John O.Simonds

作　　者：陈烨 Chen Ye

机构地区：[1]山东大学文艺美学研究中心 [2]山东大学土建与水利学院

出　　处：《文化研究》2022年第2期282-297,共16页Cultural Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“西方自然美学通史”(19ZDA044)子课题“西方自然美学通论”;山东大学校级教改项目“美育工作坊:建筑美学‘教研做一体化’教学模式探索”。

摘　　要：西方生态美学的建构主要可以划分为三条路径,依次为哲学思辨、生态艺术与环境实践。其中,环境实践为生态美学的研究提供了一种多维视野,为我们如何将生态美学理论落地提供了切实可行的参考。本文以生态设计领域两位著名的设计师麦克哈格和西蒙兹为主要研究对象,探讨二者设计实践中所蕴含的生态审美意识。始终坚持以自然科学作为评价依据的麦克哈格与强调“直觉”、注重“体验”的西蒙兹走上了殊途同归的探索之路,其实践成就呈现出不同的生态审美意蕴;但就两种设计理念的倾向来讲,其实存在某种可以相互借鉴与补充的契机。更为重要的是,他们的环境实践与理论思想的结合不仅全面地论证了风景园林学与美学跨学科融合的可能性,也揭示了生态美学作为一种极富创造性和生命力的实践美学所具有的对生态设计实践的引领作用。There are mainly three means for the construction of western ecological aesthetics-philosophical thinking,ecological art,and environ-mental practice.Among them,the environmental practice provides a multi-dimensional perspective for the study of ecological aesthetics,as well as practical and feasible reference for our putting the theory of ecological aesthetics into practice.With Ian L.McHarg and John O.Simonds,two famous designers in the field of ecological design,as the main research objects,the paper explored the ecological aesthetic consciousness contained in their design practice.Whether it is McHarg,who kept regarding natural science as the basis for evaluation,or Simonds,who emphasized“intuition”and focused on“experience”,reached the same goal by different exploration means.Their practice achievements present different ecological aesthetic connotations,while in terms of the trends of the two design philosophies,there are certain opportunities to learn from and complement each other.What's more important,the combination of their environmental practice and theoretical thought not only comprehensively proves the possibility of interdisciplinary integration of land-scape architecture and aesthetics,but also reveals the leading role played by ecological aesthetics in the practice of ecological design as a kind of practical aesthetics of great creativity and vitality.

关 键 词：生态设计 生态美学 伊恩·麦克哈格 约翰·西蒙兹 

分 类 号：B83-05[哲学宗教—美学] X2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]