数字治疗在精神疾病治疗中的应用及伦理问题  

Digital Therapeutics in the Treatment of Mental Illness and Its Ethical Problems

作　　者：吕慧云 李侠[1] LV Huiyun;LI Xia

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学科学史与科学文化研究院

出　　处：《哲学分析》2023年第1期50-60,197,共12页Philosophical Analysis

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“人工智能伦理风险防范研究”(项目编号:20ZD041)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：作为一种新的治疗模式,数字治疗可以破解传统医疗面临的诸多困境,如医疗资源的供需矛盾,治疗时间与空间的无限延展、医患之间的信任关系的建立等,这些优点在数字治疗技术应用于精神疾病的治疗中得以充分展现。同时,不可否认的是数字治疗技术也可能引发新的伦理困境,如隐私问题、数字技术的可靠性问题,以及伦理约束问题。因此,提出数字治疗中的分布式伦理架构是很有必要的,将具体责任与各类主体直接挂钩,从数字技术的生产者、运营商、监管者、医生、消费者到公众都分摊一部分责任,力求实现对数字治疗技术的全方位、全链条的监管与伦理规训。这些有益的尝试能够为我国数字治疗技术的发展提供借鉴,其最终目标是使数字治疗技术能够最大限度上造福人类。As a new treatment mode,digital therapeutics can solve many difficulties faced by traditional medicine,such as the contradiction between supply and demand of medical resources,the infinite extension of treatment time and space,the establishment of trust relationship between doctors and patients,etc.,showing a new space for development.On the one hand,these advantages are fully demonstrated in the application of digital therapeutics in the treatment of mental illness,on the other hand,it is undeniable that digital therapeutics may also lead to new ethical dilemmas,such as privacy,the reliability of digital technology,and ethical constraints.In view of this,this paper puts forward a distributed ethical framework in digital therapeutics,which directly links the specific responsibility with all kinds of subjects,and shares part of the responsibility from the producers,operators,regulators,doctors,consumers and the public of digital technology,in order to realize the omni-directional,full-chain supervision and ethical discipline of digital therapeutics.Based on this,digital therapeutics can benefit mankind to the maximum extent,and then provide a useful reference for the development of digital therapeutics in our country.

关 键 词：数字治疗 精神疾病 隐私 分布式伦理 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]