再议“旁出”——对卢雪崑教授批评的回应  

Reconsideration on the Theory of Branch——A Response to Professor Lu Xuekun’s Criticism

作　　者：杨泽波 Yang Zebo(Center for Zhouyi&Ancient Chinese Philosophy,Shandong University Ji'nan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学易学与中国古代哲学研究中心,济南250100

出　　处：《复旦学报（社会科学版）》2023年第1期54-66,共13页Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）

摘　　要：朱子学理的真正问题不是道德他律,而是道德无力。如果对此没有准确把握,不仅不利于发现朱子学理的真正缺陷,而且势必造成低端的学术重复。在三分法视域下,完整的道德学说既有智性,又有仁性,由仁性提供动力,其学说才能有活动性,这就是“道德动力学”。朱子学理的问题正在于此,由于对仁性体悟不透,仁性不能充分发挥作用,致使整个学说缺少动能。虽然有此缺陷,但朱子所言格物致知蕴含着以智性对仁性加以再认识的内容,又有很强的合理性,在儒学“一源两流”的总体格局中有其独特的位置。判教应该以孔子仁智双全的学理规模为标准,不能仅以仁性为标准。缺乏这种总体观,继续为牟宗三“旁出说”做辩护,不仅学理格局偏小,结论也难以令人信服。The problem of Zhuzi’s doctrine is not moral heteronomy, but moral impotence. If this is not accurately grasped, it will not only be detrimental to discover the real defects of Zhuzi’s doctrine, but will also inevitably result in low-end academic repetition. In the trichotomy, a complete moral doctrine is equipped with both zhixing and renxing;and it is powered by renxing to get activated, which is called “moral dynamics.” The problem of Zhuzi’s doctrine lays in the lack of driving force which is resulted from the poor understanding of renxing and the underplay of renxing in the whole doctrine. Despite this shortcoming, Zhuzi’s theory of “Ge wu zhi zhi”(studying the nature of things) contains the content of re-understanding renxing through zhixing, which has strong rationality and a unique position in the overall pattern of “one source and two streams” of Confucianism. When we examine a Confucian doctrine, we should look into its ideological scale that if it’s complete in both aspects, rather than emphasizing renxing alone. Defending Mou Zongsan’s theory of branch without this overall view might lead to a limited doctrinal pattern and unconvincing conclusion.

关 键 词：旁出 道德无力 道德他律 道德动力学 

分 类 号：B82-0[哲学宗教—伦理学]