北宋贡举再探——以欧阳修与北宋中期科举为中心  

A Further Exploration of the Northern Song Jinshi Examination——Centering on Ouyang Xiu and the Jinshi Examination in the Middle of the Northern Song Dynasty

作　　者：戎恒颖 Rong Hengying(Departmentof History,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史学系,上海200433

出　　处：《复旦学报（社会科学版）》2023年第1期85-93,共9页Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）

摘　　要：北宋中期正处于科举由“系列事件”向“制度”转变的关键转折时期,科举机器已经确立,从皇帝到士大夫就其重要性也达成了共识,但存在着从科举内容到科举定位的种种分歧。欧阳修对行政人才教育方式与选拔标准的反思、对士大夫知识权威建构的努力、对科举制度化的贡献,直接表达于其知贡举的政治实践之中。本文结合法国史学与社会学理论,以欧阳修与北宋中期科举为中心,再探北宋贡举。结合“活”的制度史研究与法国史学“个案研究”理论,以嘉祐二年欧阳修知贡举“事件”切入,将科举史、文学史、水利史、制度史、政治史作为一个整体进行研究,综合分析考场策问、考生籍贯,以及欧阳修公文中对“事体”的论述等,最后借鉴法国社会学理论作观照和理论阐发。This paper combines French historiography and sociological theory to explore the Northern Song Dynasty’s jinshi examinations, focusing on Ouyang Xiu and the mid-Song period. Combining the study of “living” institutional history and the theory of “case study” in French historiography, this paper takes the event of Ouyang Xiu’s supervision of the jinshi examinations in the second year of Jiayou as a starting point, and examines the history of jinshi examinations, literature, water resources, institutional history, and political history as a whole. It analyzes the examination papers at the cewen exam, the geographical origin of the candidates, and the notion of “shiti” in Ouyang Xiu’s official documents, and finally draws on French sociological theory to make theoretical interpretations. In the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty, the jinshi examinations were at a critical turning point in the transformation from a series of events to an institution, and the examination machine had been established. Ouyang Xiu’s reflections on the educational methods and selection criteria of administrative talents, his efforts to construct the intellectual authority of the scholars, and his contributions to the institutionalization of the imperial examinations were directly expressed in his political practice of supervising the jinshi examinations.

关 键 词：科举 欧阳修 布尔迪厄 文化资本 古文 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学] D691.3[历史地理—中国史]