虾青素对凡纳滨对虾亲虾繁殖性能、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响  

Effects of Astaxanthin on Reproductive Performance,Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Function of Litopenaeus vannamei Broodstock

作　　者：王照欣 梁萌青[2] 卫育良 徐后国[2] 马强 代平[2] WANG Zhaoxin;LIANG Mengqing;WEI Yuliang;XU Houguo;MA Qiang;DAI Ping(College of Fisheries and Life Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第2期1195-1205,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(SD2019YY001);科技部“科技助力经济2020”重点专项。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探讨饲料中添加虾青素对凡纳滨对虾亲虾繁殖性能、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响。试验设计了3种等氮等脂饲料,通过添加加丽素粉红(含10%虾青素),使饲料中虾青素含量分别为587.46、1073.29和1574.57 mg/kg,依次记为低虾青素组、中虾青素组和高虾青素组。然后选择大小均匀、体格健壮的雌雄亲虾各108尾,随机分别分为9个养殖池中,每组3个重复,每池12尾雌虾或雄虾。试验期16周,其中前12周投喂试验饲料,后4周试验饲料和鱿鱼混合投喂。结果表明:1)高虾青素组雌虾存活率显著高于其他2组(P<0.05),中虾青素组雌虾增重率和末重显著高于高虾青素组(P<0.05),低虾青素组雄虾增重率和末重显著低于其他2组(P<0.05)。2)3个组亲虾性腺指数、产卵量以及血清性激素含量之间均无显著差异(P>0.05);中虾青素组雌虾卵巢卵黄蛋白含量最高,显著高于高虾青素组(P<0.05),与低虾青素组无显著差异(P>0.05);低虾青素组无节幼体数量和受精卵孵化率均显著低于其他2组(P<0.05),低虾青素组蚤状幼体数量显著低于中虾青素组(P<0.05),中虾青素组幼体变态率显著高于其他2组(P<0.05)。3)低虾青素组血清谷胱甘肽还原酶活性显著低于其他2组(P<0.05),高虾青素组血清过氧化氢酶活性显著高于其他2组(P<0.05)。4)高虾青素组血清溶菌酶活性和转化生长因子-β1含量显著高于其他2组(P<0.05),低虾青素组血清核因子-κB含量显著低于其他2组(P<0.05),高虾青素组血清总一氧化氮合酶活性显著低于其他2组(P<0.05),血清白细胞介素-10含量随虾青素添加水平提高而显著升高(P<0.05),且3组之间差异显著(P<0.05)。综上所述,在凡纳滨对虾亲虾饲料中添加适量虾青素能够提高亲虾的抗氧化能力和机体免疫功能,提高卵巢卵黄蛋白含量、受精卵孵化率、幼体变态率以及无节幼体和蚤状幼体数量,从而提高亲虾的繁殖性能。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary astaxanthin on reproductive performance,antioxidant capacity and immune function of Litopenaeus vannamei broodstock.Three kinds of isonitrogenous and isolipid diets were designed,and the astaxanthin contents in diets were 587.46,1073.29 and 1574.57 mg/kg,respectively,by adding carophyllpink(containing 10%astaxanthin),which were successively denoted as low astaxanthin group,medium astaxanthin group and high astaxanthin group.Then 108 male or female shrimps with uniform size and strong physique were selected and randomly divided into 9 breeding ponds with 3 replicates per group and 12 female or male shrimps per pond,respectively.The experiment lasted for 16 weeks,in which the experimental diets were fed for the first 12 weeks,and the experimental diet and squid were fed for the last 4 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)the survival rate of female shrimps in high astaxanthin group was significantly lower than that in the other two groups(P<0.05),the weight gain rate and final weight of female shrimps in medium astaxanthin group were significantly higher than those in high astaxanthin group(P<0.05),and the weight gain rate and final weight of male shrimps in low astaxanthin group were significantly lower than those in the other two groups(P<0.05).2)There were no significant differences in gonadosomatic index,egg number and serum gonadal hormone contents among the three groups(P>0.05).The vitellogenin content in ovary of female shrimps in medium astaxanthin group was the highest,which was significantly higher than that in high astaxanthin group(P<0.05),but had no significant difference with that in low astaxanthin group(P>0.05).The nauplius number and the hatchability rate of fertilized eggs in the low astaxanthin group were significantly lower than those in the other two groups(P<0.05),the zoea number in low astaxanthin group was significantly higher than that in medium astaxanthin group(P<0.05),and the metamorphosis rate of larvae in medium astax

关 键 词：虾青素 凡纳滨对虾亲虾 繁殖性能 抗氧化能力 免疫功能 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]