寒门学子大学适应研究述评  

A Review of University Adaptation Research of Students from Poor Family

作　　者：鞠法胜 刘卫平 JU Fasheng;LIU Weiping(Institute of Education,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学教育研究院,南京210093

出　　处：《重庆高教研究》2023年第2期113-127,共15页Chongqing Higher Education Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(教育学)项目“我国农村教育观念、观念变迁及农民子女教育获得研究”(BAA170019)。

摘　　要：研究寒门学子大学适应是关注高等教育从入学机会公平到过程公平的重要转向。寒门学子在自我认知、校园活动参与和学业成就等维度中表现出备尝艰苦和通时合变两种状态,对这两种状态的研究有共通之处:持续关注教育公平,在与西方理论对话的同时,关注本土化理论建构。寒门学子大学适应研究理论主要包括文化再生产理论及其衍生理论、学生保留理论、抗逆力理论和大学生发展理论,其中文化再生产理论及其衍生理论是现阶段的主流研究理论。寒门学子大学适应研究在社会发展中不断涌现出新的理论增长点,后续的理论进路可归纳为:以历时性的视野关注“家庭—基础教育—高等教育”的完整链条;以共时性的视野将寒门学子大学适应研究嵌入生态系统理论框架,在微观上考察主体在高等教育场域内部的行动,在中观上聚焦不同场域的彼此联结,在宏观上聚焦教育公平和大学生全面发展。The research on university adaptation of students from poor families is an important turn from paying attention to the fairness of admission opportunity to the fairness of process of higher education. Students from poor family show two states in terms of self-cognition, participation in campus activities and academic achievements. The study of the two states has something in common: continuing to pay attention to educational fairness, and paying attention to the construction of localized theories while talking with western theories. The university adaptation research theories of students from poor family mainly include: cultural reproduction theory and its derivative theory, student retention theory, resilience theory and university student development theory, of which the cultural reproduction theory and its derivative theory are the mainstream research theories at the stage. New theoretical growth points have emerged in the study of college adaptation of students from poor family in the social development. The subsequent theoretical approaches can be summarized as follows: the complete chain of “family-basic education-higher education” is focused from a diachronic perspective;from the perspective of synchronicity, the research on the adaptation of poor students to universities is embedded into the theoretical framework of the ecosystem, and the action of the subject in the field of higher education is examined at the micro level, focusing on the connection among different fields at the middle level, and focusing on the education equity and the comprehensive development of college students at the macro level.

关 键 词：寒门学子 大学适应 社会流动 教育公平 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]