激光跟踪仪大角度不整平测量精度分析  

Measurement accuracy analysis of laser tracker at large tilt angles

作　　者：段童虎 范百兴[1] 黄赫 孙晨磊 陈哲[1] 邹方星 DUAN Tonghu;FAN Baixing;HUANG He;SUN Chenlei;CHEN Zhe;ZOU Fangxing(School of Geospatial Information,Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Zhengzhou Xinda Institute of Advanced Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]战略支援部队信息工程大学地理空间信息学院,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州信大先进技术研究院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《山东科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期1-9,共9页Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)

摘　　要：利用全站仪进行竖井等狭窄竖向空间传递测量时,垂直角过大导致高程精度急剧降低。根据激光跟踪仪可在平躺甚至倒挂状态下测量的特点,将狭窄竖向空间的垂直角测量转化为水平角测量,可以解决竖向高程传递问题。采用独立参数推导了适用于大旋转角的坐标转换和三维边角网平差模型;利用自主设计的大角度倾斜姿态测量装置,分析了仪顶角对精度的影响,并优化设站方式,实现激光跟踪仪在整平状态、旋转45°和旋转90°的3种姿态测量。不同布设模式的控制网平差结果表明,大角度不整平三维网的均方根误差小于0.349 mm,单位权中误差小于0.582 mm,点位精度优于0.634 mm,距离差值优于0.044 mm,精度可靠,此方法可用于狭窄竖向空间的三维坐标传递。When the total station is used to coordinate transfer measurement in narrow vertical space such as a vertical shaft,the height accuracy is sharply reduced due to the large vertical angles,but a laser tracker can be used for measurement when placed horizontally or even upside down.According to the characteristics of the laser tracker,the vertical angle measurement in narrow vertical space is transformed into horizontal angle measurement,which can solve the problem of vertical elevation transmission.In this paper,independent parameters were used to derive the coordinate transformation and three-dimensional triangulateration network adjustment model suitable for large rotation angles.The influence of instrument top angle on the accuracy was analyzed by using the large tilt angle attitude measuring device designed independently,and the station setting mode was optimized.The laser tracker was used for the measurement in three positions:the leveling state,the rotation state of 45°and the rotation state of 90°.The adjustment results of different control network layout modes show that the root mean square error of the three-dimensional control network with large tilt angles is less than 0.349 mm,the unit weight error is less than 0.582 mm,the point accuracy is better than 0.634 mm,and the distance difference is better than 0.044 mm.With reliable accuracy,the proposed method can be used for three-dimensional coordinate transmission in narrow vertical space.

关 键 词：激光跟踪仪 大角度不整平 坐标转换 三维边角网平差 点位精度 

分 类 号：P258[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]