民族地区学前儿童普通话教育与铸牢中华民族共同体意识  

Putonghua Education for Pre-Primary Children and Strengthening a Sense of Chinese National Community in Ethnic Minority Areas

作　　者：石琳[1] Shi Lin(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,610041,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学中国语言文学学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《民族学刊》2022年第12期78-87,154,共11页Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“建国以来西南民族地区国家通用语言文字推广史研究”(22BYY062);同济大学国家语言文字推广基地双强项目“多民族地区国家通用语言文字使用状况与问题研究”(TJSQ22YB28);西南民族大学藏羌彝文化研究院藏羌彝文化专项项目“大小凉山彝族地区国家通用语言文字的普及深化与区域经济社会发展关系研究”(160242210109);国家民委高等教育教学改革研究项目“铸牢中华民族共同体意识背景下民族院校国家通用语言文字类课程的教学改革及课程思政建设”(ZL21014)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：推广普及国家通用语言文字是铸牢中华民族共同体意识的重要途径。新时代我国语言文字工作的首要任务是结合区域经济社会的中长期发展规划,持续发挥语言减贫、教育扶智的积极作用,针对重点地区和关键人群持续提升国家通用语言文字的推广力度和普及质量。现阶段,面向民族地区非义务教育阶段学前儿童的普通话教育仍然是国家通用语言文字推广普及工作中的薄弱环节。本文基于对四川凉山彝族自治州G县学前儿童普通话教育的现状调查,阐释民族地区学前儿童普通话教育的思想理路与政策实践,旨在为推动民族地区基础教育可持续发展、实现语言精准扶智扶贫、促进各民族交往交流交融提供未来发展路径。The instrumental and cultural functions of language as well as its economic and social values make standard spoken and written Chinese a crucial factor in strengthening a sense of the Chinese National Community.The primary task of language work in China in the new era is to combine medium-and long-term development plans of regional economies and societies,maximize the language s role in poverty reduction and education s function in intellectual development within the context of rural revitalization,and continuously promote and popularize standard spoken and written Chinese in key regions and populations.Therefore,the intimate relationship between Putonghua education for pre-primary children in ethnic areas and the work of strengthening a sense of the Chinese national community should be fully recognized.Linguistic competence is seen as an important component of children s cognitive ability.For children in ethnic minority areas,preschool-age education can lay a solid foundation for lifelong development and endogenous development momentum.In those areas that have been lifted out of poverty,preschool-age education is a crucial step in intellectual development,and it can blaze a trail to break“the cycle of cumulative poverty”.Putonghua education is in the basal layer of basic elementary language education and can significantly improve individual linguistic proficiency as well as acquisitive,cognitive,and communicative abilities related to it.Therefore,it is imperative to seize the critical period of language learning for young children and insist on“starting with children”to improve Putonghua education for preschool-age children in ethnic minority areas and help them overcome“the first hurdle of life”under the principle of“master Putonghua in the pre-primary period”.Based on a survey of the current condition of Putonghua education for pre-primary children in county G,Liangshan Prefecture,Sichuan Province,this paper shows remarkable results and achievements at this stage in terms of educational resourc

关 键 词：铸牢中华民族共同体意识 民族地区 学前儿童 普通话 语言政策 

分 类 号：C956[社会学—民族学]