魏晋名士嵇康的悲情意识  

On the Tragic Consciousness of Ji Kang, A Famous Scholar in Wei and Jin Dynasties

作　　者：杨操 邱美琼 YANG Cao;QIU Mei-qiong(College of Liberal Arts,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学文学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《阴山学刊》2022年第6期31-36,54,共7页Yinshan Academic Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“先秦名学文献整理及其思想流别研究”(18ZDA243)。

摘　　要：嵇康藐视权贵和放任自然的殉道精神为魏晋士人树立了精神典范,然而在其理智表象下潜藏着幽愤孤哀的悲情意识。在他的诗文作品中,悲情意识主要表现为理想与现实的割裂、情感与理智的冲突,表现主题多为守道独行与朝代更迭的乱世之忧,并常常借凤、大鹏等飞鸟意象来寄托自己的情感与追求。嵇康的悲情意识是在内缘和外因的共同作用下形成的。嵇康通过摆脱经学和名教束缚、将理想追求寄托于仙境,或以隐居竹林、饮酒避世的方式来消解悲情意识,嵇康的悲情意识不仅是个人的悲哀,也是整个魏晋士人群体普遍存在的悲哀,探索以嵇康为代表的魏晋士人悲情意识的呈现、内缘外因以及消解方式等,可以反观魏晋时代文化裂变下士人思想与文学创作所经历的撕痛与转型。Ji Kang’s spirit of defying the powerful set a spiritual example for the scholars in Wei and Jin dynasties, but the sense of the anger and loneliness was hidden under the sense of reason. In his poetry and prose works, the consciousness of sadness is mainly manifested as the separation between ideal and reality, and the conflict between emotion and reason. The theme is mostly the worry of the troubled times and the change of dynasties, and he often uses the images of phoenix and Dapeng to express his emotion and pursuit. Ji Kang’s tragic consciousness are formed by the combination of internal and external causes. Ji Kang constantly sought ways to dispel the sense of sadness, such as getting rid of the shackles of classics and education, placing his ideal pursuit in fairyland, seclusion in bamboo forest, drinking and avoiding the world. Ji Kang’s sense of sadness is not only the personal sorrow, but also the common sorrow of the whole Wei and Jin scholars. To explore the presentation, the internal and external causes and the digestion of Wei and Jin scholars represented by Ji Kang, we can review the pain and transformation under the cultural fission of Wei and Jin dynasties.

关 键 词：魏晋名士 嵇康 幽愤孤哀 悲情意识 内缘 外因 消解 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]