野生香菇菌株农艺性状分析及其子实体氨基酸营养评价  

Agronomic traits of wild Lentinus edodes strains and amino acid nutritional profile of the fruit bodies

作　　者：黄卫华 陈洪雨 鲍大鹏[2] 杨瑞恒[2] 陶祥生 吴国锋 黄建锋 HUANG Weihua;CHEN Hongyu;BAO Dapeng;YANG Ruiheng;TAO Xiangsheng;WU Guofeng;HUANG Jianfeng(Edible Fungal Industry Center(Research Center),Lishui 323800,China;Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization(South),National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]庆元县食用菌产业中心(庆元县食用菌科研中心),丽水323800 [2]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,农业农村部南方食用菌资源利用重点实验室,国家食用菌工程技术研究中心,上海市农业遗传育种重点开放实验室,上海201403

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2023年第1期32-39,共8页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：庆元县高层次人才培养资助项目B类(2018RC02)。

摘　　要：为发掘优质香菇种质资源,从50个野生香菇菌株中筛选优秀菌株,检测其子实体中氨基酸水平,通过主成分分析(PCA)方法分析样品间氨基酸差异,并基于氨基酸评分(AAS)、IOM模式评分(IOMS)和化学评分(CS)评估其营养价值。结果表明:有49个菌株可以出菇,优选出11个菌株,最高产量达291.77 g∕袋。回归分析表明子实体产量和朵数呈正相关(R2=0.8406)。各优选菌株栽培香菇的干品中氨基酸总量达到13.24%-16.29%,其中必需氨基酸(IAA)占比为41.13%-42.39%。PCA抽取的两个主成分分别解释82.89%和9.15%的样品差异。19号、9号和20号菌株栽培的香菇在氨基酸水平上具有优势。AAS和IOMS显示各优选菌株栽培香菇蛋白质中的IAA达到WHO和IOM的推荐要求,但CS模型显示香菇蛋白质营养价值总体不如鸡蛋蛋白质,甲硫氨酸是香菇蛋白质中的优势氨基酸。In order to exploitLentinula edodesgermplasm with high-quality,50 wild strains were screened,and amino acid levels of the fruit bodies cultivated using the selected strains were determined. Principlecomponent analysis(PCA) was adopted to profile the variance of amino acid distribution among the samples.Amino acid score,IOM score and chemistry score were used to evaluate nutritional value. The results showed that49 strains developed fruit bodies, among which 11 strains were selected out, and the highest yield was291. 77 g∕bag. Regression analysis indicated a positive correlation between fruit body yield and number(R2=0. 840 6). DriedL. edodescultivated using the selected strains contained 13. 24% -16. 29% total amino acids,of which indispensable amino acid( IAA) accounted for 41. 13% -42. 39%. PCA extracted two PCs thatexplained 82. 89% and 9. 15% of the sample variance separately. Strains No. 19,9 and 20 showed advantages inamino acid level. AASs and IOMSs suggested IAAs ofL. edodescultivated using the selected strains met thereference requirements by WHO and IOM,yet CSs indicatedL. edodesprotein was generally not as nutritious asegg protein,methionine was the dominant amino acid inL. edodesprotein.

关 键 词：香菇 菌株 生物转化率 氨基酸 营养价值 

分 类 号：S646.12[农业科学—蔬菜学]