论庄子“卮言”的齐物旨归——以《齐物论》为中心的考察  

On the “Qi Wu” Purpose of Zhuangzi’s “Zhi Yan”:An Investigation Centered on the Equality of Things

作　　者：王玉彬[1] WANG Yu-bin(Center for Zhouyi and Ancient Chinese Philosophy/School of Philosophy and Social Development,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学易学与中国古代哲学研究中心/哲学与社会发展学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第1期12-18,共7页Journal of Shanxi University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“《庄子·齐物论》研究”(20FZXB045)。

摘　　要：《庄子·齐物论》典型体现了“卮言”的特征与旨归,并以“尝试言之”与“妄听之”为其要义。作为“尝试言之”的卮言,是一种“妙道之行”中对“万物之化”的观照方式,既不试图用“言”匡定“已而不知其然”之“道”,亦不企图以“言”支配“万化而未始有极”之“物”,故可与妙道之行谐行、与万物之化同化,此即“和之以天倪,因之以曼衍”。此外,作为一种人文符号的“卮言”意在解除“辩”所导致的“相非”,“名”所衍生的“相轧”,而期许在与“妙道之行-万物之化”的谐行开放中敞开彼此、通达你我;人与人在“语言”中的相遇不应是一种由上而下的强制灌输或倾轧凌辱,而应是“妄言者”与“妄听者”平等参与、共聆天籁的生命活动,在此意义上,“卮言”以其居间道物、通达彼我的“齐物”特性,为人与人的“相与于无相与”提供了可能性与可行性。Zhuangzi·Equality of Things typically embodies the characteristics and purpose of “Zhi Yan”,which takes “attempting to talk” and “listening for a while” as its essence.As an expression of “attempting to speak”, it is a way of observing changes of all things in the understanding of Dao, neither trying to use language to define the unknown Dao, nor attempting to use language to control the endless changes of all things, hence able to go with the law of ingenious truth and change with the changes of all things which means “reconciling the difference with the division of nature, and conforming to it with endless variations”.In addition, as a kind of humanistic symbol, “Zhi Yan” is intended to relieve the mutual negation caused by debate and the mutual damage caused by “fame”,in hope of being open to each other and understanding each other in the harmonic line of “the law of ingenious truth-changes of all things”.Zhuangzi believes that the encounter between people in language should not be a kind of top-down forced indoctrination or infringement, but a life in which people who try to speak and people who come to listen for a while participate equally. Therefore, it can be said that “Zhi Yan”, with its equal nature of connecting Dao and Things and understanding you and me, provides the possibility and feasibility for people to live in harmony with each other.

关 键 词：卮言 齐物 尝试言之 妄听之 

分 类 号：B223.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]