汉英“血(blood)”隐喻词簇异同及其体认语言学——文化脚本理据阐发  

Similarities and Differences Between Chinese and English Metaphorical Morphological Clusters of“Blood”in Cognitive Linguistics:A Motivation Analysis of Embodied Linguistics and Cultural Scripts

作　　者：孙毅 SUN Yi

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心/英语语言文化学院,广东广州510420

出　　处：《外国语文》2023年第1期31-42,共12页Foreign Languages and Literature

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“当代隐喻学视域中多语种通用辞格认知研究”(21BYY001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：隐喻是一种人类通用而不自知的认知方式,Lakoff和Johnson于1980年发表的著作《我们赖以生存的隐喻》标志着认知隐喻的诞生。身体是人类认识世界、感知世界的起点和基础,以此产生的人体隐喻贯穿着人类认知构建的始终。血/blood是人体组成重要的营养物质,以此为源域的隐喻在汉英两种语言中均广泛存在。本研究利用CCL和COCA语料库对涉及“血(blood)”及其隐喻词簇的语料进行收集,以体认语言学为理论依据,归纳总结汉英血液隐喻相同之处,并结合文化脚本进行跨语言比较与分析,得出汉英血/blood隐喻具有包括亲属关系、残忍暴力、辛勤劳动、颜色、情感、人物与盟誓在内的七大相同意象,以及词素搭配、投射范围、使用频度等方面文化脚本的精细差异,并借此探究汉英语言中血/blood隐喻生成机理。Metaphor is a universal and unconscious cognitive way of human beings.Lakoff and Johnson’s monograph Metaphor We Live By published in 1980 marks the birth of cognitive metaphors.The body is the starting point and foundation for human beings to understand and perceive the world.The human body metaphor produced runs through the construction of human cognition.Blood is an important nutrient of the human body.The metaphors of blood as their source domain exist extensively in both Chinese and English.This study employs CCL and COCA corpora to collect the corpora involving“blood”and its metaphorical morphological clusters.Based upon cognitive linguistics,this study summarizes the similarities between Chinese and English blood metaphors,and conducts cross-language comparison and analysis combined with cultural scripts.It is concluded that Chinese and English blood metaphors share seven images,including kinship,cruel violence,hard work,colors,emotions,as well as the delicate differences in cultural scripts such as morpheme collocations,projection ranges and usage frequency between the two languages.It is attempted to employ this case to promote the overall comparative study of cross-language overall human body metaphorical performance.

关 键 词：认知隐喻 血隐喻 汉英对比 体认语言学 文化脚本 

分 类 号：H0-06[语言文字—语言学]