教学陌生化的形态、意蕴及实现策略  

Incorporating Defamiliarization into Teaching Practices:Significance&Strategies

作　　者：杜启达 李如密[1] Du Qida;Li Rumi

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学课程与教学研究所,南京210097

出　　处：《现代大学教育》2023年第1期1-7,111,共8页Modern University Education

基　　金：2020年度安徽省教育科学规划课题“立德树人视域下中学思政课线上线下融合教学模式研究”,项目编号:9K20030。

摘　　要：“陌生化”是对熟悉、惯习、自动化的一种革新和挑战。“教学陌生化”是将“陌生化”概念引到教学中的一种表达,主要是指通过观念悬置、权变性审视、全面觉醒、教学创新等陌生化手段唤醒教师对教学的真实体验,回到教学现象本身。教学陌生化蕴含一种开放、谦逊的态度,在引导教师重新审视、反思和质疑教学中习焉不察的教学现象,打破教学认知局限,深化教学认识,提升教学创新素养等方面有独特价值,为程式化教学注入生机活力,让日常教学充满魅力。教学陌生化要求教师要保持经验悬置,不断接受新鲜事物;保持审美距离,不断超越对教学的经验固化;保持教学敏感,不断发现教学细节的教学价值;保持教学创新勇气,构建身份认同,不断追求教学事业新境界。“Defamiliarization”refers to challenging or transforming our habitual and automatic perceptions.Incorporating defamiliarization into teaching practices,via approaches such as suspension of perceptions,contingent review,total aw akening,and interpretative hermeneutics,can help teachers experience teaching per se as a particular phenomenon for the first time.To implement defamiliarizing teaching,teachers should:1)suspend their perceptions and be open-minded so as to keep learning new things;2)keep a bit of aesthetic distance from teaching activities so as to overcome stereotypes in their ow n perceptions of teaching;3)alw ays be sensitive to those significant(but often overlooked)details in teaching,and 4)remain courageously innovative to pursue success in their professional career.Through rendering the familiar as unfamiliar,defamiliarization can help teachers change their mindsets and deepen their perceptions about teaching so that they can rethink,re-exam and revise those commonly follow ed teaching practices,invigorating their teaching career via innovation and open-mindedness.

关 键 词：教学陌生化 观念悬置 权变性审视 全面觉醒 教学反思 教学敏感 教学创新 

分 类 号：G40[文化科学—教育学原理]