优化结构:中国教育发展的第三大主题——基于教育结构优化的主要议题、收益动力与优化逻辑的分析  

Structural Optimization:The Third Subject in Chinese Education Development——Based on the Analysis of Main Issues,Profit Motivations and Optimization Logic in the Optimization of Educational Structure

作　　者：秦玉友[1] 许怀雪 李凤鸣 Yuyou Qin;Huaixue Xu;Fengming Li(Institute of Rural Education,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024;School of Educational Science/China Rural Education Research Center,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学中国农村教育发展研究院,长春130024 [2]扬州大学教育科学学院/中国乡土教育研究中心,江苏扬州225002

出　　处：《教育与经济》2023年第1期12-19,共8页Education & Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金2022年度重点课题“我国义务教育均衡发展与城乡一体化问题研究”(课题批准号:22AZD097)研究成果。

摘　　要：优化教育结构正在成为位列提高教育质量、促进教育公平之后教育发展的第三大主题。这一主题在学段、类型、城乡、区域维度表现出义务教育延伸方向仍待明确、高中普职比例设定依据多维复杂、农村教育规模特征尊重不足、欠发达地区教育投入分配面临两难等不同议题。从教育收益率与超越收益率的视角分析这些教育结构改革议题背后复杂的动力,可以深度认识这些议题。研究这些教育结构改革议题及其背后的动力系统,把握教育结构优化的动力指向,可以明确教育结构的优化逻辑,回应教育结构调整的时代命题。After enhancing education quality and promoting education equity,the optimization of educational structure is evolving as the third subject in education development.From the dimensions of learning stages,school types,urban-rural areas and regions,the subject shows the following issues:the intangible choice of the direction for the extension of compulsory education,the changeable setting basis on the scale ratio of general high school to secondary vocational school,the unclear orientation in rural education and the distribution of underdeveloped area education investment in a dilemma.From the perspectives of rate of return to education and other aspects in returns to analyse the complicated motivations behind reform issues in educational structure,these issues can be profoundly understood.Researches on reform issues in educational structure and motivation systems behind it and clarification on motivations in the optimization of educational structure can clarify its governance logic and respond to the epoch proposition in the adjustment of educational structure.

关 键 词：教育结构 教育收益 结构优化 

分 类 号：F08[经济管理—政治经济学] G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]