熙宁庙议与朱熹的宗庙思想  

Discussion on the Rituals of the Ancestral Temple in the Xining Period of the Song Dynasty and Zhu Xi’s Ancestral Temple Thought

作　　者：曾亦[1] ZENG Yi(School of Humanities,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学人文学院,上海200092

出　　处：《同济大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第1期100-109,共10页Journal of Tongji University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国经典诠释学基本文献整理与基本问题研究”(21&ZD055)。

摘　　要：朱熹不仅是程朱理学的集大成者,而且有着丰富的礼学思想,并且参与了宁宗朝初年关于僖祖祧庙的礼学实践。所谓僖祖祧庙问题,实源于宋初以来太祖于宗庙祫享时正东向位的争论。到了神宗熙宁间,王安石当国,推行追崇僖祖为始祖的礼学举措,从而推翻了汉晋以来“祖有功”与“亲尽祧迁”的主流意见。即便与当时的主流意见相左,王安石的意见和举措依然得到了程颐、朱熹等理学家们的支持。详考这种主张的理论依据,可上溯至《孝经》“严父莫大于配天”之说,这种说法又进而影响到后来明世宗尊崇本生父为帝乃至称宗祔庙等一系列礼学举措。通过探析这些礼学实践背后的理学依据,足见程朱理学与陆王心学分享了共同的理论前提。As the epitome of Cheng-Zhu philosophy,Zhu Xi had a wealth of ritual thoughts and participated in the ritual practice of worshiping Xizu as the first ancestor of Song Dynasty in the early years of Ningzong Emperor’s reign.The so-called issue of moving Xizu’s temple actually originated from the debate on the east position of Taizu dating back to the early Song Dynasty.During the reign of Emperor Shenzong,Wang Anshi was in power,which led to the ritual act of worshiping Xizu as the first ancestor,thus overturning the mainstream opinion since the Han and Jin Dynasties.Even though running counter to the mainstream view of politicians at that time,Wang Anshi’s opinions and actions were supported by Neo-Confucian scholars such as Cheng Yi and Zhu Xi.A detailed examination of the theoretical basis of this claim can be traced back to Xiaojing,which in turn affected a series of ritual initiatives,including the later Jiajing Emperor’s reverence for his father as the ancestor.We can see that Cheng-Zhu philosophy and Lu-Wang philosophy share the same theoretical premise through the investigation of the theoretical basis behind the practice of these rituals.

关 键 词：礼学 理学 朱熹 王安石 陈傅良 

分 类 号：B244.7[哲学宗教—中国哲学]