纵死犹闻侠骨香:《说文解字》侠文化精神蠡测  

Chivalrous Virtue will be Remembered throughout the Ages: An Insight into the Chivalrous Cultural Spirit in Shuowen-Jiezi

作　　者：黄交军[1] 李国英 HUANG Jiaojun;LI Guoying(Guiyang University,Guiyang 550005,China;Qingyan Guihuang Middle School in Guiyang,Guiyang 550027,China)

机构地区：[1]贵阳学院,贵州贵阳550005 [2]贵阳市青岩贵璜中学,贵州贵阳550027

出　　处：《河南科技学院学报（社会科学版）》2023年第3期57-71,共15页Journal of Henan Institute of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“商周金文名物词研究”(19BYY157),主持人:刘兴均;贵州省哲学社会科学规划课题“语言类型学视阈下贵阳方言声调的实验研究”(20GZZD42),主持人:明茂修;贵州省教育厅高校人文社会科学研究项目“文化人类学视野下的身份困惑与民族秘史——话说贵州穿青族的前世今生”(2016ZC011),主持人:黄交军;贵阳学院院级项目立项资助课题“《说文解字》与中国先民生态文化研究”(10976200903),主持人:黄交军。

摘　　要：侠属一种隐性文化,在民间极有市场,对中国传统文学影响深远。《说文》作为中华字书元典反映着史前至东汉炎黄子孙的五经话语体系,故以《说文》涉侠字词为研究对象,从汉字文化学的角度,在武术文明、社会正义与天下兴亡等三个方面集中剖阐中华先民的侠文化精神。研究表明:侠最初是上古君王、贵族或人臣养的剑客、刀客等,他们武艺高强,精通各种兵刃器械,且仗义疏财、知恩图报,具有高尚的道德规范。随着大一统历史进程的深入,侠被时代赋予了民族意识、国家意识,如建功立业、视死如归、为国捐躯等新内涵的融入使它真正担当了为国为民“侠之大者”。从武士至君子再到爱国者的形象转变凸显侠文化的日臻完善,《说文》侠文化给中华文明史贡献了正能量、源动力、好声音,其价值历久弥坚。Chivalrous culture is a kind of recessive culture, which is very popular in the folk and has a profound influence on Chinese traditional literature.As the most original character book in Chinese, Shuowen-Jiezi faithfully reflects the five classics discourse systems of the Chinese descendants from prehistory to the Eastern Han Dynasty.Therefore, from the perspective of the Chinese character culture, it takes chivalrous words referring to Shuowen-Jiezi as the research object, focusing on the chivalrous cultural spirit of the Chinese ancestors in three aspects: civilization of martial arts, social justice and the rise and fall of the whole country.The research shows that chivalrous swordsman was originally a warrior and swordsman adopted by kings, nobles or ministers in ancient times.They had strong martial arts.They were proficient in various weapons and instruments, and had a noble moral code.With the deepening of the historical process of reunification, chivalrous swordsman has been endowed with national consciousness and state awareness by the times.The integration of new connotations such as making contributions, facing death unflinchingly, and sacrificing for the country makes it truly assume the role of "the great chivalrous expert" for the country and the people.The image transformation from a warrior to a gentleman and then to a patriot highlights the gradual improvement of the chivalrous culture.The chivalrous culture of Shuowen-Jiezi has contributed positive energy, source power and good voice to the history of Chinese civilization, and its value has became more and more important over the times.

关 键 词：侠 说文解字 汉字文化精神 武术文明 社会正义 天下兴亡 

分 类 号：H161[语言文字—汉语]