基于25%偏置碰撞工况下2000 MPa级热气胀成形A柱的轻量化研究  

Research on Lightweight Design of 2 000 MPa Grade A-Pillar Formed by Thermal Expansion in 25% Offset Collision Condition

作　　者：李超 万龙 张东升[1] 李彦云 Li Chao;Wan Long;Zhang Dongsheng;Li Yanyun(Beijing Automotive Technology Center,Beijing 101000)

机构地区：[1]北京汽车研究总院有限公司,北京101000

出　　处：《汽车工艺与材料》2023年第3期9-13,18,共6页Automobile Technology & Material

摘　　要：基于正面25%偏置碰撞工况,通过建立数学模型进行仿真分析,以2 000 MPa级热成形钢替代A柱1 500 MPa级热成形钢,对于材料结构成形方式以热气胀成形方式替代传统热成形方式,在某车型A柱结构上实现了轻量化设计。通过小偏置碰撞性能模拟分析,得出A柱使用2 000 MPa级热成形钢方案满足性能要求;通过成本对比分析,由于零件数量的减少,A柱使用2 000 MPa级热气胀成形整体方案的单车成本及零件质量均有下降。分析结果表明,基于2 000 MPa级热气胀的A柱轻量化设计方案具有可行性,可实现单车成本降低10.51元,与原A柱相比质量降低27.5%,具有良好的经济效益及轻量化效果,同时应用热气胀成形方法减小了A柱腔体截面,使A柱障碍角减小22.2%,有效改善了A柱视野盲区。Based on the frontal 25% offset collision condition, a mathematical model was established for simulation analysis. 2 000 MPa hot formed steel was used to replace 1 500 MPa hot formed steel, and the hot gas expansion method was used to replace the traditional hot forming method, thus realizing lightweight design on A-pillar structure of a vehicle model. Through the simulation analysis of small offset impact performance, it was concluded that the solution of 2 000 MPa hot formed steel meets the performance requirements. Through cost comparison and analysis,due to the reduction of the number of parts, the single vehicle cost and part mass of the overall scheme of 2 000 MPa hot gas expansion have decreased. The analysis results show that the lightweight design of A-pillar based on 2 000 MPa thermal expansion is feasible, which can reduce the cost of a single vehicle by 10.51 RMB and the weight of the designed A-pillar is 27.5% lower than the original one, which makes it have good economic benefits and lightweight effect. At the same time, the application of thermal expansion reduces the section of A-pillar cavity, reduces the obstacle angle of A-pillar by 22.2%, and effectively improves the blind area of A-pillar visual field.

关 键 词：2000MPa 热气胀成形 A柱 轻量化 小偏置碰 障碍角 

分 类 号：U467.14[机械工程—车辆工程]