“中心-边缘”理论视阈下中国公共卫生与预防医学教育的改进分析  

Improvement of public health and preventive medicine education in China from the perspective of“center-edge”theory

作　　者：张玥 陆慧[1] 喻荣彬[1,3] 王建明[1] ZHANG Yue;LU Hui;YU Rong-bin(School of Public Health,Institute of Medical Humanities,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu Province 211166,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京211166 [2]南京医科大学医学人文研究院 [3]南京医科大学医学教育研究所

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2023年第1期1-6,共6页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(CIA180270);南京医科大学教育研究课题(2021YJS-LX001);南京医科大学公共卫生学院“双一流”建设科研创新项目。

摘　　要：“中心-边缘”理论是比较高等教育研究中用来解释教育与国家发展的经典理论。本研究通过政策要求、疫情需求、教育供给及国外经验的多维度阐释,分析公共卫生与预防医学教育从边缘至中心的客观趋势及应承担的角色,指出公共卫生教育应成为从学校至社会的传播中心,并逐渐形成辐射公众健康教育的扩散效应。目前中国公共卫生与预防医学教育中存在目标定位模糊导致专业职业认同不足、教育教学对标新医科存在差距、临床医学人才培养中公共卫生知识技能呈现弱项短板等现实瓶颈,需要全方位渐进式改革公共卫生和全医学人才培养模式,尤其是推进大类招生、分轨培养和分层培养的举措落地。同时在“起点-过程-结果”的系统整合下,凝聚政府、高校、相关机构和社会的合力,逐步构建公共卫生人才的全链条发展机制。“Center edge”is a classical theory used to explain education and national development in comparative higher education research.The study analyzes the objective trend and the role of public health and preventive medicine education from the theory through multidimensional interpretation of policy requirements,epidemic demand,education supply and foreign experience,points out that public health education should become the communication center from university to society and disseminate public health education among the public actively.But there are practical bottlenecks in the development of public health and preventive medicine education in China,such as insufficient professional identity from the vague target positioning,existing gap between education and new medicine standard,and the weakness of public health knowledge and skills in the training of clinical medical talents.It is necessary to reform the mode of public health and general medicine talent training comprehensively and gradually,especially to promote the enrollment of large categories,separate track training and layered training.At the same time,we should pool the joint efforts of schools,governments,relevant institutions and society to establish a full chain development mechanism for public health talents under the system integrating the concept of“starting-process-result”.

关 键 词：“中心-边缘”理论 公共卫生 预防医学 医学教育 

分 类 号：R19[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]