种植行距对紫花苜蓿生产性能和营养价值的影响  

Effects of Different Planting Row Spacing on Production Performance and Nutritional Value of Alfalfa

作　　者：张德[1,2] 龙会英 曾丽萍[3] ZHANG De;LONG Huiying;ZENG Liping(Tropical Eco-agriculture Research Institute,YAAS,Yuanmou 651300,China;Yuanmou Dry-Hot Valley Botanical Garden,Yuanmou 651300,China;Honghe University,Mengzi 661199,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所,元谋651300 [2]元谋干热河谷植物园,元谋651300 [3]红河学院,蒙自651199

出　　处：《中国草食动物科学》2023年第2期69-72,共4页China Herbivore Science

基　　金：云南省技术创新人才培养项目(2011CI066);彝乡产业技术领军人才项目(楚政发[2021]6号)。

摘　　要：为研究不同种植行距对干热河谷区紫花苜蓿生产性能和营养价值的影响,采用随机区组设计,在播种量为45 kg/hm^(2)条件下,比较种植行距在20、30和40 cm时对三得利紫花苜蓿生产特性与营养成分含量的影响。结果表明,不同种植行距对三得利紫花苜蓿物候期的影响不大,生育期205~210 d。3个种植行距下紫花苜蓿的生长量、产量和营养成分含量间均没有差异(P>0.05)。种植行距为30 cm时,紫花苜蓿的株高和一级分枝数达到最高,分别为52.90 cm和21.60枝/株;行距为20 cm时紫花苜蓿的干草产量最高,2018年、2019年和2020年分别为39600.14、43730.90和33529.22 kg/hm^(2);行距为20 cm时三得利紫花苜蓿的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、无氮浸出物和全钙的含量也最高,分别为20.17%、1.00%、8.23%、45.23%、0.17%和0.96%。综上,在干热河谷区,当播种量为45 kg/hm^(2)时,三得利紫花苜蓿的适宜种植行距为20~30 cm。In order to study the effects of different planting row spacing on the production performance and nutritional value of alfalfa in the dry-hot valley area,the experiment used a randomized block design to compare the effects of planting row spacing at 20,30 and 40 cm on the production characteristics and nutritional content of Sanditi alfalfa under the condition of 45 kg/hm^(2) seeding.The results showed that different planting spacing had little effect on the phenology of Sanditi alfalfa,and the growth period was between 205 days and 210 days.There was no difference in the growth,yield and nutrient content of alfalfa under three different planting row spacing(P>0.05).When the row spacing was 30 cm,the plant height and the number of primary branches of alfalfa were the highest,which were 52.90 cm and 21.60 branches/plant respectively.When the row spacing was 20 cm,the hay yield of alfalfa was the highest,and the hay yield in 2018,2019 and 2020 were 39600.14,43730.90 and 33529.22 kg/hm^(2) respectively.When the row spacing was 20 cm,the content of crude protein,crude fat,crude ash,nitrogen-free extract and total calcium of Sanditi alfalfa were also the highest,which were 20.17%,1.00%,8.23%,45.23%,0.17%and 0.96%,respectively.To sum up,in the dry-hot valley area,when the seeding amount is 45 kg/hm^(2),the suitable row spacing of Sanditi alfalfa is 20-30 cm.

关 键 词：种植行距 紫花苜蓿 生产性能 营养成分含量 干热河谷 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]