Aging and aging-related diseases:from molecular mechanisms to interventions and treatments  

作　　者：Jun Guo Xiuqing Huang Lin Dou Mingjing Yan Tao Shen Weiqing Tang Jian Li 

机构地区：[1]The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics,Beijing Institute of Geriatrics,Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission,Beijing 100730,China

出　　处：《Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy》2023年第1期77-116,共40页信号转导与靶向治疗（英文）

基　　金：supported by funds from the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC2000100 and 2021YFE0114200);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81770228,81770858,81600618,and 82271597);the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7212086);the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M-1-050).

摘　　要：Aging is a gradual and irreversible pathophysiological process.It presents with declines in tissue and cell functions and significant increases in the risks of various aging-related diseases,including neurodegenerative diseases,cardiovascular diseases,metabolic diseases,musculoskeletal diseases,and immune system diseases.Although the development of modern medicine has promoted human health and greatly extended life expectancy,with the aging of society,a variety of chronic diseases have gradually become the most important causes of disability and death in elderly individuals.Current research on aging focuses on elucidating how various endogenous and exogenous stresses(such as genomic instability,telomere dysfunction,epigenetic alterations,loss of proteostasis,compromise of autophagy,mitochondrial dysfunction,cellular senescence,stem cell exhaustion,altered intercellular communication,deregulated nutrient sensing)participate in the regulation of aging.Furthermore,thorough research on the pathogenesis of aging to identify interventions that promote health and longevity(such as caloric restriction,microbiota transplantation,and nutritional intervention)and clinical treatment methods for aging-related diseases(depletion of senescent cells,stem cell therapy,antioxidative and anti-inflammatory treatments,and hormone replacement therapy)could decrease the incidence and development of aging-related diseases and in turn promote healthy aging and longevity.

关 键 词：DISEASES alterations AGING 

分 类 号：R33[医药卫生—人体生理学]