自动驾驶等级提高条件下驾驶人驾驶姿势变化规律分析  

Analysis of Drivers'Driving Posture Change Rule Under the Condition of Automatic Driving Level Improvement

作　　者：黄青阳 金晓萍[1] 张怡康 Huang Qingyang;Jin Xiaoping;Zhang Yikang(College of Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083

出　　处：《汽车工程》2023年第3期382-392,共11页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：乘员认知绩效模型与实时评估技术横向项目(202004610711099)资助。

摘　　要：为研究驾驶人在自动驾驶等级提高条件下的坐姿变化规律,基于直接测量的人体标志点位计算人体内部目标标志点并构建人体模型,确定驾驶人在驾驶过程中7个部位的关节角度,定量描述L0和L3级自动驾驶坐姿特征差异。结果表明,自动驾驶等级由L0提高到L3后,驾驶人的肘部屈曲、胸腹部屈曲、膝盖弯曲度不同程度的增大导致活动空间得到扩展,坐姿舒适度有所提高,而腰背部后倾的趋势加深,上躯干倾向处于扭曲或压缩状态,腰背部由于得不到充分支撑而疲劳,降低了乘坐舒适性。自动驾驶等级的提高改变了驾驶任务,因此驾驶人坐姿特征发生显著变化。本文可为高度自动驾驶汽车的驾驶室布局与自动驾驶功能研究提供重要参考依据。In order to study the change rule of driver's sitting posture under the condition of the automatic driving level improvement,this paper calculates the internal target marker points of the human body based on the directly measured human body marker points and constructs a human body model,to determine the joint angles of seven parts of the driver during driving and quantitatively describe the differences between the sitting posture characteristics of automatic driving levels L0 and L3.The results show that after the automatic driving level increasing from L0 to L3,the driver's elbow flexion,chest and abdomen flexion,and knee flexion are increased to varying degrees,leading to the expansion of the activity space and the improvement of the sitting comfort,while the tendency of the back leaning back is deepened,the upper trunk tending to be twisted or compressed,and the back is tired due to insufficient support,reducing the riding comfort.The improvement of automatic driving level changes the driving task,so the driver's sitting posture characteristics also change significantly.This paper can provide an important reference for the research of cab layout and automatic driving function of highly autonomous vehicles.

关 键 词：自动驾驶 驾驶姿势 关节角度 坐姿舒适度 人体标志点 

分 类 号：U463.6[机械工程—车辆工程]