理气统体:朱熹生命哲学的本体建构  

Li and Qi as Leading and Governing Concepts:The Noumenon Construction of Zhu Xi’s Philosophy of Life

作　　者：张舜清[1] Zhang Shunqing

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学哲学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2023年第2期40-47,共8页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“构建人类卫生健康共同体的伦理路径研究”(21&ZD057);中南财经政法大学学科统筹建设项目(WHCC202102)。

摘　　要：理气关系是朱熹哲学的基本问题,朱熹对生命问题的哲学解读亦建立在理气关系基础之上。朱子以理为生物之本,以气为生物之具,然二者皆有统体之义,皆可谓万物之“本体”,理气的一体性构成统体生命的根本,二者一体共在影响着生命的创造、本质和价值问题。朱熹的“理”具有本体论的特征,但不宜将之归结为西方哲学意义上的“精神本体”,它实质是动态的生生之理。理是在抽象意义上讲生命产生和存在的根据和法则,而气则在事实上决定着生命的产生并构成生命的现实制约因素,气同样对生命具有统体意义。理必以气为载体和存在之基。以理气为统体而言说生命的本原、价值等问题,这是朱熹生命哲学的基本理路和思想特色。The question of the relationship of Li and Qi is the basic question of Zhu Xi’s philosophy,and Zhu Xi’s life philosophy is based on it.Zhu Xi regards Li as noumenon of all things and takes Qi as the material of forming of all things.However,both of them have the meaning of leading and governing,and both can be regarded as the“noumenon”of all things.The unity of Li and Qi constitutes the foundation of all life,and both of them together affect the creation,nature and value of life.Although Li has some features of“ontologhy”in western philosophy,it should not be regarded as such concept.Li is the concept about“Sheng-sheng”,which is a special noun in Chinese traditional philosophy.Li is the basis and law for the generation and existence of life in an abstract sense,while Qi determines the generation of life and constitutes the realistic restriction factor of life,so Qi also has a fundamental significance for life.Li must take Qi as the carrier and the basis of existence.Interpreting the origin and value of life by the theory of the integration of Li and Qi,constitutes the characteristics of Zhu Xi’s philosophy of life.

关 键 词：朱熹 理 气 统体 生生 

分 类 号：B244.7[哲学宗教—中国哲学]