弗洛姆人本主义精神分析的启蒙价值  

Enlightenment Values of Erich Fromm's Humanistic Psychoanalysis

作　　者：郭永玉 Guo Yongyu

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学心理学院,南京210097

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（心理学）》2022年第6期93-109,共17页

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(20AZD084);国家自然科学基金面上项目(71971120)资助。

摘　　要：弗洛姆人本主义精神分析综合了欧洲文化传统的理性主义、人本主义、批判精神和救世情怀这些基本要素,他试图用理性主义和人本主义的标准和精神分析心理学的工具来剖析他所处的社会和身边的人,并探索实现理想社会和人的发展的途径。这一事业的价值实际上是启蒙。他从现代人的不安全感处境出发,深刻分析了威权主义、民族主义、消费主义的病理机制,进而提出了基于人本主义原则的社会改革方案。弗洛姆人本主义精神分析的理论和实践对于21世纪人类发展问题的解决仍然具有启发意义。Erich Fromms humanistic psychoanalysis theory integrated the basic elements of European cultural traditions,including rationalism,humanism,critical attitude,and Messianism.His main work was to analyze the peo-ple in his community and the society in which he lived,with the standards of rationalism and humanism and the methods of psychoanalytic psychology,and to explore the ways of achieving the ideal society and realizing human development.The essence of this work is enlightenment.As a humanistic philosopher in the 20th century,Fromm in-herited the unfinished business from those enlightenment philosophers in the 17th and 18th centuries and opened up a way to solve the dilemma of existence debated by his contemporaries,which,in turn,helped modern people over-come the inertia of human nature(i.e.,regression toward a child state)and move toward rationality and independ-ence.Grounded in the sense of insecurity that modern people experienced,Fromm deeply analyzed the pathological mechanisms of authoritarianism,nationalism,and consumerism,and suggested a social reform program based on the principles of humanism.As mentioned,Fromm profoundly analyzed the psychological mechanisms and the consequences that modern people relied on to alleviate or even eliminate their sense of insecurity by embracing authoritarianism,nationalism,and consumerism.Those behaviors and the underlying psychological constructs are seemingly becoming more serious nowadays,which highlights the depth and foresight of Fromms theory.Inspired by his theory,researchers have con-ducted empirical studies on the relevant topics in Fromms psychology.The findings of those works provide new evi-dence supporting Fromms theory that the enlightenment values of his humanistic psychoanalysis are still practically significant for the solution to the challenges to human development in the 21st century.In his 40-year academic career,Fromm demonstrated how clearly and steadily his social values and personal academic missions were.Given his contributions,Fromm should be

关 键 词：弗洛姆 启蒙 人本主义 精神分析 社会改革 

分 类 号：B84-067[哲学宗教—基础心理学]