藏族幼儿汉语能力提升的教学干预研究——以拉萨市实验幼儿园为例  

A Study on Teaching Interventions for Young Tibetan Children to Improve Their Chinese Language Competency——Take Lhasa Experimental Kindergarten as an example

作　　者：唐蜜 张梦馨 魏晓波 TANG Mi;ZHANG Mengxin;WEI Xiaobo(The Education Institute of Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005;The Second People’s Hospita lin Jiangjin District of Chongqing,Chongqing 402283;The School of Education at Tibet University,Lhasa 850000)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学教育研究院,厦门361005 [2]重庆市江津区第二人民医院,重庆402283 [3]西藏大学教育学院,拉萨850000

出　　处：《早期儿童发展》2023年第1期27-37,共11页Early Childhood Development

摘　　要：为探讨藏族幼儿汉语能力提升的有效教学干预手段,本研究选取拉萨市实验幼儿园两个中班的60名藏族幼儿为调查对象,采用2(实验组、对照组)×2(前测、后测)的实验设计,对实验组开展3个月的教学干预。结果发现:(1)经过语言教学干预后,实验组幼儿在词汇水平及各个维度上的后测得分均显著高于前测得分(t=-5.221,p<0.001);(2)实验组幼儿与对照组幼儿得分在词汇水平及各维度上的后测得分差异显著(t=-3.843,p<0.001);(3)藏族幼儿词汇水平得分为81.73(22.08),其正确率为42%,说明藏族幼儿的汉语水平及其汉语口语表达能力较差,词汇增长较为缓慢且不能准确使用汉语词汇表达自我需求。结果表明,以营造全汉语环境、绘本、游戏、语言视频为主的全语言教学方式能显著提高藏族幼儿的汉语能力与词汇水平。In order to explore the effective means of teaching intervention for improving Tibetan children’s Chinese language competency,this study selected 60 Tibetan children from two K5 classes in Lhasa Experimental Kindergarten as the investigation object.An experimental design of 2(experimental group and control group)×2(pre-test and post-test)was used to carry out a three-month long teaching intervention for the experimental group.The results show that:(1)After the language teaching intervention,the post-test scores of children in the experimental group are significantly higher than the pre-test scores in vocabulary level and all other dimensions(t=-5.221,P<0.001);(2)There were significant differences in vocabulary level and post-test scores between the experimental group and the control group(t=-3.843,P<0.001);(3)Tibetan children’s vocabulary level score is 81.73(22.08),with a correct answer rate of 42%,showing that Tibetan children’s Chinese level and oral Chinese expression ability are poor,their Chinese vocabulary level is lagging,and they cannot use Chinese words accurately to express their needs.The results show that the whole-language teaching method,which focuses on creating a whole-Chinese environment,picture books,games and language videos,can significantly improve Tibetan children’s Chinese ability and vocabulary level.

关 键 词：藏族幼儿 汉语能力 教学干预 

分 类 号：G610[文化科学—学前教育学]