中医“系统论”“还原论”科学方法论偏移背景下的现状和思考  

Status and thinking under the background of scientific methodology shift of‘systematology’and‘reductionism’in traditional Chinese medicine

作　　者：丁宁[1] 杨宇飞[2] 李东[1] DING Ning;YANG Yu-fei;LI Dong(Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Peking University Third Hospital,Beijing 100191,China;Xiyuan Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院中医科,北京100191 [2]中国中医科学院西苑医院,北京100091

出　　处：《中华中医药杂志》2023年第3期942-947,共6页China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.82074193)。

摘　　要：在中医的科研和临床中,存在着一个科研方法论的偏移,即还原论的盛行和系统论的式微。这种偏移有西医强大的还原论方法论的影响,也有自身对系统的认识不够,对自我优势的忽视,以及哲学方法论思考的缺乏的原因。笔者通过分析中医在还原论和系统论巨大偏移中的时代特点,给出了一定的对策,包括基于体质学说的围治、注重系统研究和思辨,对古代学术遗产的批判继承,建立统一中西医话语体系等。There is a deviation of scientific research methodology,the prevalence of reductionism and the decline of systematology,in the scientific research and clinical practice of TCM.This deviation is influenced by the strong reductionist methodology of western medicine,and also has its own reasons for insufficient understanding of the system,neglecting of self-advantages,and lacking of philosophical methodology.By analyzing the characteristics of the great deviation between reductionism and systematology of TCM,this article gives some countermeasures,including encirclement based on constitution,focusing on systematic research and speculation,inheriting the criticism of ancient academic heritage,and establishing a unified discourse system of Chinese and Western medicine.

关 键 词：九种体质 体质学说 系统论 还原论 围治 

分 类 号：R2-0[医药卫生—中医学]