褪黑素对青鱼生长、非特异性免疫、抗氧化能力、肠道消化酶活性以及肝脏胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ和热休克蛋白70 mRNA表达的影响  

Effects of Melatonin on Growth,Non-Specific Immunity,Antioxidant Capacity,Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activities and mRNA Expression of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Ⅰand Heat Shock Protein 70 in Liver of Black Carp(Mylopharyngodon piceus)

作　　者：殷淦 王天 牛玉涵 杨梅 曹梦慧 叶金云[1] 明建华[1] YIN Gan;WANG Tian;NIU Yuhan;YANG Mei;CAO Menghui;YE Jinyun;MING Jianhua(Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition,College of Life Science,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院生命科学学院,水生动物繁育与营养国家地方联合工程实验室,浙江省水生生物资源养护与开发技术研究重点实验室,湖州313000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第3期1926-1937,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LGN20C190006);湖州市公益性技术应用重点项目(2020GZ09);2021年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202110347043);国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-45)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在探讨饲料中添加褪黑素对青鱼生长、非特异性免疫、抗氧化能力、肠道消化酶活性以及肝脏胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)和热休克蛋白70(HSP70)mRNA表达的影响。试验选取525尾初始体质量为(6.44±0.17)g的青鱼幼鱼,随机分成5个组,分别饲喂在基础饲料中添加0(对照组)、5、10、15和20 mg/kg褪黑素的5种饲料,每组3个重复,每个重复35尾鱼。试验期8周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲料中添加10~20 mg/kg褪黑素可显著提高青鱼增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)(P<0.05),显著降低饲料系数(FCR)(P<0.05),但对存活率、肝体指数、内脏指数和肥满度无显著影响(P>0.05);通过折线模型推测,当饲料中褪黑素添加量为9.28 mg/kg时,青鱼幼鱼将获得最大WGR。2)与对照组相比,饲料中添加10和15 mg/kg褪黑素可显著提高青鱼血清总蛋白(TP)和补体3(C3)含量以及溶菌酶(LSZ)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性(P<0.05),并显著降低青鱼感染嗜水气单胞菌后的累积死亡率(P<0.05);而饲料中添加15 mg/kg褪黑素则可显著提高血清补体4(C4)含量(P<0.05),显著降低血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性(P<0.05);饲料中添加褪黑素对血清谷草转氨酶(AST)活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲料中添加10和15 mg/kg褪黑素可显著提高青鱼肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)活性、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量以及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)(P<0.05),且饲料中添加10 mg/kg褪黑素还可显著提高肝脏过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性(P<0.05),但饲料中添加褪黑素对肝脏谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲料中添加10 mg/kg褪黑素可显著提高青鱼肠道胰蛋白酶活性(P<0.05),饲料中添加褪黑素对肠道淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。5)青鱼肝脏IGF-Ⅰ和HSP70mRNA表达水平随饲料中褪黑素添加量的增加而呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,当饲料中褪黑素添�This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary melatonin on growth,non-specific immunity,antioxidant capacity,intestinal digestive enzyme activities,and mRNA expression of insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)and heat shock protein 70(HSP70)in liver of black carp(Mylopharyngodon piceus).A total of 525 juvenile black carp with an initial body weight of(6.44±0.17)g were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 35 fish per replicate.The fish in 5 groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 0(control group),5,10,15 and 20 mg/kg melatonin,respectively.The experiment lasted for 8 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,dietary 10 to 20 mg/kg melatonin significantly increased the weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR)(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the feed conversion ratio(FCR)(P<0.05),but had no significant effects on the survival rate,hepatosomatic index,visceral index and condition factor(P>0.05).Based on the broken line model,it was estimated that when the dietary melatonin level was 9.28 mg/kg,the juvenile black carp got the best WGR.2)Compared with the control group,dietary 10 and 15 mg/kg melatonin significantly increased the contents of total protein(TP)and complement 3(C3)and the activities of lysozyme(LSZ)and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)in serum of black carp(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the cumulative mortality after infection with Aeromonas hydrophila(P<0.05).Dietary 15 mg/kg melatonin significantly increased the serum complement 4(C4)content(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)activity(P<0.05).Dietary melatonin had no significant effects on serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST)activity(P>0.05).3)Compared with the control group,dietary 10 and 15 mg/kg melatonin significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GPx),the reduced glutathione(GSH)content and the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in liver of black carp(P<0.05).In addition,

关 键 词：青鱼 褪黑素 生长 非特异性免疫 抗氧化能力 基因表达 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]