父母养育方式与学龄孤独症谱系障碍儿童睡眠问题的关联  

Association between parenting style and sleep problems among school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder

作　　者：王馨[1] 陈嘉洁 林力孜 詹晓玲 刘斯宇 金诚开 李秀红[1] 静进[1] WANG Xin;CHEN Jiajie;LIN Lizi;ZHAN Xiaoling;LIU Siyu;JIN Chengkai;LI Xiuhong;JING Jin(Department of Maternal and Child Health,School of Public Health,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou(510080),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院妇幼卫生学系,广东广州510080 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系/广州市环境污染与健康风险评价重点实验室

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第2期186-190,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD296);国家自然科学基金项目(81872639)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨父母养育方式与学龄孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童睡眠问题的关联性,为开展相应的干预和家庭支持提供参考。方法 在中山大学儿童青少年心理行为研究中心招募就读于普通小学的6~10岁ASD儿童和年龄、性别匹配的典型发展(typically developing, TD)儿童各98名。采用父母行为问卷和儿童睡眠习惯问卷调查父母养育方式和睡眠问题发生情况,评估ASD症状严重程度和智力水平等指标,采用广义线性模型分析父母养育方式与儿童睡眠问题的关联性。结果 两组儿童的父母养育方式各维度得分差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);ASD儿童的周末睡眠时间低于TD儿童[(9.1±0.7)(9.5±0.8)h,P<0.01],入睡潜伏期延长问题得分高于TD儿童[(1.8±0.7)(1.5±0.7),P<0.01],两组在总的睡眠问题和各类问题的发生率上差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。ASD儿童父母支持/参与的养育方式得分与睡眠问题总分(β=-2.68,95%CI=-4.88~-0.47)、就寝阻抗得分(β=-1.65, 95%CI=-2.54~-0.77)和睡眠焦虑得分(β=-1.01,95%CI=-1.70~-0.32)呈负相关;敌意/强制的教养方式与日间困倦得分呈正相关(β=1.41, 95%CI=0.53~2.29)(P值均<0.05)。结论 父母支持/参与的养育方式与儿童睡眠问题的降低有关,而敌意/强制的养育方式与睡眠问题的增加有关。应改善父母的养育方式,以减少ASD儿童睡眠问题的发生。Objective To investigate the association between parenting style and sleep problems among school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Methods A total of 98 children with ASD aged 6-10 years old and 98 age-and gender-matched typically developing(TD) children from mainstream schools were recruited. Parenting style and sleep problems were measured via Parent Behavior Inventory(PBI) and Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire(CSHQ), respectively. The symptom severity and intelligence level were also evaluated. Generalized linear model was used to analyze the relationship between parenting style and sleep problems.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the parenting style of the two groups of children(P>0.05);weekend sleep time of children with ASD was significantly shorter than that of the TD group [(9.1±0.7)(9.5±0.8)h, P<0.01], and the score of sleep onset delay was significantly higher than that of the TD group[(1.8±0.7)(1.5±0.7), P<0.01]. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of total sleep problems and various problems between the two groups of children(P>0.05). The parental support/engagement of children with ASD was negatively associated with the total score of sleep problems(β=-2.68, 95%CI=-4.88--0.47), bedtime resistance(β=-1.65, 95%CI=-2.54--0.77) and sleep anxiety(β=-1.01, 95%CI=-1.70--0.32). The parental hostility/coercion was positively correlated with score of daytime sleepiness(β=1.41, 95%CI=0.53-2.29)(P<0.05).Conclusion Parenting style of support/engagement is associated with lower sleep problems in children with ASD, while hostile/coercion is associated with higher sleep problems. It should be improve parental style to reduce the sleep problems in children with ASD.

关 键 词：教育 孤独性障碍 睡眠 回归分析 儿童 

分 类 号：R748[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] G78[医药卫生—临床医学] B844.1[文化科学—教育学]