社会距离对利他性欺骗的影响  

The Influence of Social Distance on Altruistic Deception

作　　者：漆丹 赵靖实 胡悦 吴旭秋 袁博[1] QI Dan;ZHAO Jingshi;HU Yue;WU Xuqiu;YUAN Bo(Department of Psychology,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学心理学系暨研究所,宁波315211

出　　处：《心理技术与应用》2023年第4期203-211,共9页Psychology(Techniques and Applications)

基　　金：全国教育科学规划一般项目“青少年道德决策中的同伴影响及其认知情感机制研究”(BBA210033)。

摘　　要：采用3(欺骗类型:纯利他、自我受益-他人受益、自我受损-他人受益)×2(社会距离:朋友、陌生人) 2(任务类型:基线水平、利他欺骗)混合实验设计考察社会距离对利他性欺骗的影响。结果发现,当利他性欺骗不损害自身利益(纯利他、自我受益-他人受益)时,不论社会距离远近,个体都会为了他人获益而进行利他性欺骗;而当利他性欺骗损害自身利益(自我受损-他人受益)时,不论社会距离远近,个体都没有为使他人获益而进行利他性欺骗。上述结果表明,在进行利他性欺骗决策时,个体优先考虑自身利益;在不影响自身利益情境下,会为他人(包括陌生人)获益进行利他性欺骗。本研究有助于理解以往该领域中研究结论不一致的原因,可为现实情境中不诚实行为的干预提供一定的借鉴。Altruistic deception for the benefit of others is a specific type of deception,which is ubiquitous in daily life.However,it is unclear how social distance affects our altruistic deception.The current study used the coin guessing task to explore whether social distance(friend or stranger)would affect three types of altruistic deception(other-serving,self-harming-other-serving and self-serving-other-serving).The results showed that regardless of the social distance,when altruistic deception does not harm self-interest(e.g.,other-serving and self-serving-other-serving deception),individuals would perform altruistic deception for the benefit of others.However,when altruistic deception harms one's own interests(self-harming-other-serving deception),individuals would not perform altruistic deception for the benefit of others,even the beneficiaries are their friends.

关 键 词：社会距离 利他性欺骗 纯利他 自我受损-他人受益 自我受益-他人受益 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]