致密气井压裂返排智能控制系统研究  

Research on Intelligent Control System for Fracturing and Reflow of Tight Gas Wells

作　　者：黄宇坤 魏航信[1] Huang Yukun;Wei Hangxin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi'an Shiyou University,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学机械工程学院,西安710065

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2023年第3期202-205,共4页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

基　　金：陕西省科技厅科技攻关项目(编号:2014K07-20)。

摘　　要：针对天然气压裂返排中出砂问题,研究了气井压裂返排智能控制系统。设计了控制系统总体方案及硬件结构,包括上位机和下位机。下位机主要控制核心采用三菱FX2N芯片,用于直接控制现场设备并获取设备实时参数。包括压力、流量、温度、粘度传感器、无线传输设备DTU、UPS电源。首先,控制系统中PLC上的RS485接口连接DTU,现场采集数据经可通过无线数据传输与上位机服务器通信。其次,PLC对传感器和检测仪采集的信号进行实时处理。另外研究了基于PLC的模糊控制算法,以给定值与反馈量的误差、误差的变化率为输入量,建立了模糊推理规则。最后,通过去模糊化,实现对井口可调油嘴的控制。在现场对制作下位机进行了试验,来验证控制系统的效果。通过现场试验表明,该系统改善了压裂返排过程中的出砂情况,而且能够可靠工作。Aiming at the problem of sand generation in natural gas fracturing reflow,the intelligent control system of gas well fracturing reflow was studied.The overall scheme and hardware structure of the control system were designed,including the upper computer and the lower computer.The lower computer directly controled the field device and obtained the real-time parameters of the device,including various sensors,PLC,DTU,UPS power supply.The data was connected to the DTU through the RS485 interface on the PLC,and then communicated with the host computer server through wireless data transmission.The PLC processed the signals collected by the sensor and detector in real time.The fuzzy control algorithm based on PLC was studied,and the fuzzy inference rule was established with the error of the given value and the feedback amount and the change rate of the error as the input quantity.Finally,through defuzzing,the control of the wellhead adjustable oil nozzle was realized.The lower computer was made and tested.Field tests have shown that the system works reliably.

关 键 词：压裂 致密气 智能控制 模糊控制 SCADA 

分 类 号：TP249[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]