有害气体区高速铁路减灾选线技术研究  

Study on Disaster Reduction and Route Selection Technology of High-speed Railway in Hazardous Gas Area

作　　者：丁浩江[1,2] 张广泽 岳志勤[1] DING Haojiang;ZHANG Guangze;YUE Zhiqin(China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610031,China;Geological Innovation Studio of China Railway ErYuan,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,成都610031 [2]中铁二院地质创新工作室,成都610031

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2023年第4期6-11,共6页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0802206-5);中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司科研项目(KYY2018016(17-20))。

摘　　要：有害气体(煤成气、油型天然气、其他有害气体)不良地质区高速铁路建设中常发生爆炸、燃烧、气体突涌、中毒窒息的现象或灾害事故,已成为建设中常见灾害类型,造成了人员伤亡与财产损失。因此,有必要从灾害角度研究高速铁路有害气体区减灾选线技术方法,以规避或降低建设和运营中的灾害风险。通过收集分析工程案例,总结有害气体具有分散性、不确定性和突发性特征;并针对高速铁路选线要求,结合有害气体灾害发生成因机理,运用灾害学等基础理论,提出其致灾成因分类,建立其致灾因子与高铁选线的关系,构建控制高速铁路选线的有害气体致灾因子体系;制定有害气体区高速铁路选线应遵循的指导方针,凝练提出“绕避、短过、浅埋、短隧、抬高、决策”十二字选线指导原则。研究提出的有害气体区高速铁路减灾选线评价技术方法,为有害气体区高速铁路选线评价及建设规避灾害风险,实现减灾防灾目标提供了方法及技术支撑。For a long time,explosion,combustion,gas inrush,poisoning and suffocation or disaster accidents often occur in high-speed railway construction in unfavorable geological areas with harmful gases(coal formed gas,oil-based natural gas and other harmful gases),which has become a common disaster type in construction,resulting in personal injury and property loss.Therefore,it is necessary and meaningful to study the technology and method of disaster reduction and route selection in hazardous gas areas where high-speed railway is located so as to avoid or reduce the disaster risks in construction and operation.By collecting and analyzing engineering cases,this paper concludes that harmful gases have the characteristics of dispersion,uncertainty and burst.According to the requirements of high-speed railway route selection,combining the genetic mechanism of harmful gas disasters and using the basic theories of disaster science,this paper puts forward the classification of disaster causes,establishes the relationship between disaster factors and high-speed railway route selection,and constructs the system of harmful gas disaster factors controlling high-speed railway route selection.The guidelines for high-speed railway route selection in harmful gas area are formulated,and the route selection guidelines of“bypass,short crossing,shallow burial,short tunnel,lifting and decision-making”are put forward.This paper studies and puts forward the technical method of disaster reduction and route selection evaluation of high-speed railway in harmful gas area,which provides method and technical support for route selection evaluation and construction of high-speed railway in harmful gas area to avoid disaster risk and realize the goal of disaster reduction and prevention.

关 键 词：高速铁路 有害气体 致灾因子 致灾类型 防灾减灾 地质选线 

分 类 号：U212.32[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U238