早熟马铃薯品种淀粉含量和淀粉产量的表现及其稳定性  

Performance and Stability of Starch Content and Starch Yield of Early-maturing Potato Varieties

作　　者：马力 张峰 马达 孙海洋 李慧丽 吕文河[3] MA Li;ZHANG Feng;MA Da;SUN Haiyang;LI Huili;LU Wenhe(Seed Potato Research and Development Center,Beidahuang Black Soil Potato Industry Co.,Ltd.,Keshan Farm,Heilongjiang 161621,China;Keshan Farm Co.,Ltd.,Beidahuang Group,Keshan Farm,Heilongjiang 161621,China;Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]北大荒黑土薯业有限公司种薯研发中心,黑龙江克山农场161621 [2]北大荒集团克山农场有限公司,黑龙江克山农场161621 [3]东北农业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2023年第1期1-9,共9页Chinese Potato Journal

摘　　要：马铃薯淀粉具有其他淀粉所没有的一些优良特性,在食品、饲料、化工、胶粘剂、造纸、纺织、可生物降解材料等领域应用广泛。高产高淀粉马铃薯品种可使农民增收,企业增效。然而,目前生产上尚缺乏高产高淀粉品种,特别是早熟品种。为鉴定筛选适合淀粉加工的早熟马铃薯品种。2021和2022年,采用随机区组设计,4次重复,在黑龙江省克山农场以‘尤佳70’为对照,评价7个早熟马铃薯品种(‘东农312’‘龙薯3号’‘中薯早35’‘中薯早39’‘中薯早43’‘中薯早44’和‘中薯早45’)的块茎产量、淀粉含量和淀粉产量表现及其稳定性。‘中薯早39’块茎产量、淀粉含量和淀粉产量稳定性表现中等,块茎产量46643 kg/hm^(2),略高于供试8个品种的平均值43676 kg/hm^(2),但显著高于对照品种‘尤佳70’块茎产量;淀粉含量18.68%,在供试的8个品种中最高,使得其淀粉产量在供试的8个品种中最高,达8699 kg/hm^(2),与其他品种(包括对照‘尤佳70’)相比差异均显著。‘中薯早39’总体表现优良,可以作为早熟淀粉加工型品种大面积试种。Potato starch has some excellent characteristics that other starches do not have,and it is widely used in food,feed,chemicals,adhesives,paper,textiles,biodegradable materials,and other fields.Potato varieties with high yield and starch content can increase farmers'income and enterprises'efficiency.However,there is still a lack of highyield and high-starch varieties,especially early-maturing varieties.In order to identify and screen early-maturing potato varieties suitable for starch processing,the performance and stability of seven early-maturing potato varieties('Dongnong 312','Longshu 3','Zhongshuzao 35','Zhongshuzao 39','Zhongshuzao 43','Zhongshuzao 44'and'Zhongshuzao 45')were evaluated in 2021 and 2022 for tuber yield,starch content and starch yield,using'Youjia 70'as a control,in Keshan Farm,Heilongjiang Province,in a randomized complete block design with four replications.The tuber yield,starch content and starch yield stability of'Zhongshuzao 39'were medium,with 46643 kg/ha tuber yield,slightly higher than the average value of 43676 kg/ha of the eight varieties tested,but significantly higher than the control variety'Youjia 70'.The starch content of'Zhongshuzao 39'was 18.68%,the highest among the eight varieties tested,making its starch yield the highest,reaching 8699 kg/ha,significantly different from other varieties(including control'Youjia 70').'Zhongshuzao 39'performed well as a whole and could be used as an early maturing starch processing variety for large-scale trial.

关 键 词：马铃薯 块茎产量 淀粉含量 淀粉产量 稳定性 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]