茶园氧化亚氮排放研究进展  

Nitrous oxide emissions from tea plantations:A review

作　　者：韩星 于海洋 郑宁国 葛超荣 姚槐应 HAN Xing;YU Haiyang;ZHENG Ningguo;GE Chaorong;YAO Huaiying(Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Enwironment and Health,Institute of Urban Enironment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China;Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Enwironmental Process and Pollution Control,Ningbo(Beilun)Zhonghe Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center,Ningbo 315800,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学,武汉430074 [2]中国科学院城市环境研究所,城市环境与健康重点实验室,福建厦门361021 [3]宁波(北仑)中科海西产业技术创新中心,浙江省城市环境过程与污染控制重点实验室,浙江宁波315800

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2023年第3期805-814,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委创新研究群体项目(42021005);国家自然科学基金面上项目(42077036)资助。

摘　　要：茶园土壤是温室气体氧化亚氮(N_(2)O)排放的重要来源,且茶园土壤中施肥诱导的N_(2)O排放系数远大于旱地农田。针对全球茶园的特点和N_(2)O排放研究现状,本文综合分析了茶园N_(2)O排放特征、产生过程、影响因素及减排措施。全球茶园土壤N_(2)O背景排放量平均为(2.68±2.92)kg N·hm^(-2),氮肥施用后N_(2)O平均排放量为(11.29±9.45)kg N·hm^(-2)。化肥诱导的N_(2)O排放系数为2.2%±2.1%,远高于IPCC估算的农田N_(2)O排放系数(1%)。茶园土壤是典型的酸性土壤,N_(2)O产生主要包括硝化和反硝化过程,其中反硝化作用占主导。茶园土壤N_(2)O排放主要与施肥量有关,此外,施肥种类也影响茶园土壤N_(2)O排放。茶园土壤N_(2)O减排途径主要包括优化施肥量和施肥种类、添加生物炭以及合理利用硝化抑制剂等。今后应加强时间和空间尺度上茶园土壤N_(2)O排放的原位观测,结合实验室培养和野外试验阐明茶园土壤N_(2)O产生和排放机制,利用数据-模型融合方式减少全球茶园N_(2)O排放估算的不确定性,为合理的茶园N_(2)O减排措施提供理论支撑和实践指导。Tea plantations are an important N_(2)O source.Fertilizer-induced N_(2)O emission factors of tea plantations are much higher than other upland agricultural ecosystems.According to the basic information on characteristics and knowledge of N_(2)O emissions from tea plantations around the world,we comprehensively reviewed N_(2)O emission characteristics,production process,influencing factors,and reduction measures from tea plantations.The global means of ambient N_(2)O emission and N_(2)O emission stimulated by nitrogen fertilizer application from tea plantations were(2.68±2.92)kg N·hm^(-2)and(11.29±9.45)kg N·hm^(-2),respectively.The fertilizer-induced N_(2)O emission factor in tea plantations(2.2%±2.1%)was much higher than the IPCC-estimated N_(2)O emission factor for agricultural land(1%).N_(2)O emission from tea plantation soil(a typical acid soil)were mainly produced during nitrification and denitrification,with denitrification being dominant.N_(2)O emission from tea plantations were significantly related to the amount of fertilizer application.Other factors,such as fertilizer type,could also affect soil N_(2)O emissions in tea plantations.The main reduction methods of N_(2)O emission from tea plantations included optimizing the amount and type of fertilizer,amending biochar,and rationally using nitrification inhibitors.In future,we should strengthen in-situ observations of soil N_(2)O emission from tea plantations at both temporal and spatial scales,combine lab incubation and field studies to elucidate the mechanisms underling tea plantation soil N_(2)O emissions,and use a data-model fusion approach to reduce uncertainties in the estimation of global N_(2)O emission.These would provide theoretical support and practical guidance for reasonable N_(2)O emission reduction in tea plantations.

关 键 词：茶园 N_(2)O排放 排放因素 施肥量 减排措施 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]