与儿童共创“儿童友好”型博物馆评测模式初探——以良渚博物院为例  

Co-developing a“Child-Friendly”Museum Evaluation Toolkit with Children:Taking Liangzhu Museum as an example

作　　者：张峥 姜燕蓉 ZHANG Zheng;JIANG Yan-rong(Jilin University,Changchun,Jilin,130015;University of Leicester,Leicester,UK)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学考古学院文博遗产系,吉林长春130015 [2]英国莱斯特大学博物馆学研究所,英国莱斯特

出　　处：《东南文化》2023年第1期164-172,共9页Southeast Culture

摘　　要：儿童教育在我国博物馆发展中备受重视,不少展览和教育活动都秉持“以儿童为中心”的服务理念,但如何确保博物馆提供的项目是对“儿童友好”的,博物馆如何有效听取儿童意见并将其融入儿童服务尚待深入研究。基于新童年社会学及儿童参与阶梯理论,在充分尊重儿童权利及意见的基础上,研究团队在良渚博物院以儿童参与式研究方法为依据,开发与实施了常设展览评测工具,可为探索儿童参与式理念在我国博物馆的实践提供借鉴。实践表明,博物馆发展“儿童参与式”项目应充分尊重儿童权利和明确相关伦理准则,选择具有创意性且儿童友好的方式,鼓励儿童发声,重视儿童观点并积极接纳儿童意见,邀请儿童共同参与项目决策与实施环节。Children’s education has received more and more attention in the development of Chinese museums.The number of“child-centered”exhibitions and educational projects is increasing.However,how to ensure that the programs provided by the museum are truly“child-friendly”,and how to effectively assimilate children’s opinions to improve relevant museum projects accordingly are yet to be studied in depth.Based on the New Childhood Sociology and the Ladder of Children’s Participation,the research team codesigned and implemented a museum evaluation toolkit through participatory research methods with children at the Liangzhu Museum by sufficiently respecting children’s rights and voices.This practice could provide a basic paradigm for conducting children’s participation research in Chinese museums in the near future.The results show that the museum should fully respect children’s rights and clarify relevant ethical guidelines when developing participatory projects with children,adopt creative and child-friendly ways to encourage children to speak out,give full attention to children’s thoughts and actively seek advice from children,and invite children to participate in the decision-making process as well as the implementation of the project.

关 键 词：博物馆 儿童参与式研究 儿童权利 评测工具 良渚博物院 

分 类 号：G260[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]