比较文学起源与德国语文学遗产  

On the Origin of Comparative Literature and the Heritage of German Philology

作　　者：郝岚 HAO Lan(School of Literature,Naikai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学文学院,天津300071

出　　处：《上海大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第2期118-128,共11页Journal of Shanghai University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&ZD278);国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(21FWWB004)。

摘　　要：比较文学有多个起源,其中作为一种研究方法和范式,与开启于德国的现代语文学相关:它们将文本视为可被审视、批评的世俗对象,而非不可置疑的神圣文本;两者都关注语言与文献这种人所创造的精神产品,而非自然中的动植物。德国语文学后来发展出两个主要学科:以历史比较语言学为最高成就的语言学;以日耳曼学为代表的民族语文学。它们为比较文学留下了关于“起源”追溯和历史化材料的方法以及希望跨越“民族文学”的狭隘进行比较的意识。此外,德国流亡的罗曼语语文学研究也在20世纪上半叶成为美国比较文学的重要典范资源。Among the multiple origins of comparative literature,one is related to modern philology originated in Germany as both a research method and a discipline paradigm.Both regard texts as secular objects that can be examined and criticized,rather than infallible sacred ones;both focus on spiritual products created by human beings,such as language and literature,rather than animals and plants in the natural world.German philology later gave rise to two main disciplines:linguistics with historical-comparative language as the pinnacle achievement,and national philology represented by Germanistik.What they left for comparative literature are the methods of tracing the“origin”,historicizing materials,and the awareness of seeking comparisons beyond the parochialism of“national literature”.In addition,German Romance philology in exile also became an important resource of American comparative literature in the first half of the 20th century.

关 键 词：比较文学 起源 德国 语文学 

分 类 号：I0-05[文学—文学理论]