Molecular genetics of early-onset colorectal cancer  

作　　者：Olivia Marx Marc Mankarious Gregory Yochum 

机构地区：[1]Department of Biochemistry&Molecular Biology,Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine,Hershey,PA 17033,United States [2]Department of Surgery,Division of Colon&Rectal Surgery,Pennsylvania State University Milton S.Hershey Medical Center,Hershey,PA 17033,United States [3]Department of Biochemistry&Molecular Biology&Surgery,Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine,Hershey,PA 17033,United States

出　　处：《World Journal of Biological Chemistry》2023年第2期13-27,共15页世界生物化学杂志（英文版）（电子版）

摘　　要：Early-onset colorectal cancer(EOCRC)has been rising in global prevalence and incidence over the past several decades.Environmental influences,including generational lifestyle changes and rising obesity,contribute to these increased rates.While the rise in EOCRC is best documented in western countries,it is seen throughout the world,although EOCRC may have distinct genetic mutations in patients of different ethnic backgrounds.Pathological and molecular characterizations show that EOCRC has a distinct presentation compared with later-onset colorectal cancer(LOCRC).Recent studies have identified DNA,RNA,and protein-level alterations unique to EOCRC,revealing much-needed biomarkers and potential novel therapeutic targets.Many molecular EOCRC studies have been performed with Caucasian and Asian EOCRC cohorts,however,studies of other ethnic backgrounds are limited.In addition,certain molecular characterizations that have been conducted for LOCRC have not yet been repeated in EOCRC,including high-throughput analyses of histone modifications,mRNA splicing,and proteomics on large cohorts.We propose that the complex relationship between cancer and aging should be considered when studying the molecular underpinnings of EOCRC.In this review,we summarize current EOCRC literature,focusing on sporadic molecular alterations in tumors,and their clinical implications.We conclude by discussing current challenges and future directions of EOCRC research efforts.

关 键 词：Early-onset colorectal cancer Later-onset colorectal cancer Mutations ONCOGENES Molecular characteristics TRANSCRIPTOMICS 

分 类 号：R730.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]