基于ASGSO的数控机床进给伺服系统分数阶控制  

Fractional Order Control of CNC Machine Tool Feed Servo System Based on ASGSO

作　　者：张俊男[1,2] 付华 陆鹏[1] 付强[3] ZHANG Junnan;FU Hua;LU Peng;FU Qiang(Faculty of Electrical and Control Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Huludao Liaoning 125105,China;Materials Engineering of Liaoning Mechatronics College,Dandong Liaoning 118009,China;Yalong Intelligent Equipment Group Co.,Ltd.,Wenzhou Zhejiang 325000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学电气与控制工程学院,辽宁葫芦岛125105 [2]辽宁机电职业技术学院材料工程系,辽宁丹东118009 [3]亚龙智能装备集团股份有限公司,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《机床与液压》2023年第6期142-148,共7页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费项目(LJKZ1265);辽宁机电职业技术学院科研项目(ky202106)。

摘　　要：为满足数控机床对加工精度的要求,针对交流永磁同步电机驱动的进给伺服系统在不同工况下存在的扰动、摩擦、变负载、惯性力矩等非线性问题,设计一种自适应步长的萤火虫算法(ASGSO)优化的分数阶PID控制器(ASGSO-FOPID)。FOPID控制器相比传统控制器动态性能突出,能够对非线性环节进行更好的控制。利用ASGSO算法全局搜索能力,获得最优数控机床进给伺服系统分数阶PID控制器参数。建立数控机床进给伺服系统模型,分别采用PSO-FOPID、状态转移STA-FOPID、ASGSO-FOPID控制进给伺服系统进行对比。仿真和实验结果表明:提出的ASGSO-FOPID控制器具有跟踪速度快、抗干扰能力强、精度高等优点,该方法能够有效地提高数控机床的定位精度和加工精度。In order to meet the requirements of machining accuracy of CNC machine tools,a fractional order PID controller with adaptive step size based on firefly algorithm(ASGSO-FOPID)was designed to solve the nonlinear problems of disturbance,friction,variable load and inertia torque in the feed servo system driven by AC permanent magnet synchronous motor under different working conditions.Fopid controller has better dynamic performance than traditional controller,and can control nonlinear link better.The optimal parameters of the fractional order PID controller of the feed servo system of CNC machine tools were obtained by using the global search ability of ASGSO algorithm.The feed servo system model of CNC machine tool was established.The comparison of the feed servo system was carried out by PSO-FOPID,STA-FOPID and ASGSO-FOPID respectively.The simulation and experiment results show that the proposed ASGSO-FOPID controller has the advantages of fast tracking speed,strong anti-interference ability and high precision.The method can effectively improve the positioning accuracy and machining accuracy of CNC machine tools.

关 键 词：数控机床 永磁同步电机 伺服系统 分数阶PID控制器 自适应步长萤火虫算法 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]