柏拉图《理想国》中的两波浪潮——一个文本分析  

TwOo Waves in Plato's Republic--A Textual Analysis

作　　者：刘威 Liu Wei

机构地区：[1]北京大学外国哲学研究所 [2]北京大学哲学系

出　　处：《理论界》2023年第2期43-50,共8页Theory Horizon

基　　金：2019年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“西方哲学经典和名著解读”(19JJD720001)的研究成果。

摘　　要：《理想国》第五卷开头以阿得曼托斯“怎么也不能让他走”(449b)开始,众人要求苏格拉底对前文中提出的观点进行解释,回答“你觉得我们的护卫者应该怎样去把妇女与儿童归为公有;儿童从出生至接受正规教育,这一阶段大家公认是教育的最难时期,这一时期应该怎样去培养他们”(450c)这一问题。而苏格拉底的回答引发了三波浪潮即问题:第一,男女在城邦中的地位;第二,废除核心家庭,男性共有妻子,孩子由社会抚养;第三,哲人王。这三次浪潮一次比一次大。其中,前两个浪潮集中讨论了家庭和性别问题,内容庞杂。对这两个问题的讨论与分析,可以厘清柏拉图对于家庭问题和性别问题的思路,并使我们更全面地理解这一问题。The fifth volume of Republic begins with Adeimantus's"Shall we let it go,then,or what?"(449b).People ask Socrales 0 explain the views put forward in the previous article.and answer"How do you think our guardians should classify women.and children as publie?Children from birth to formal education is recognized as the most difficult period of education.How to train them during this period."(450c).And Socrates's.answer triggered three waves:first,on the status of men and women in the citystate;second,on the abolition of the nuclear family,with men sharing wives and children raised by society;and third,on the question of the philosopherking.These three waves were larger than one another.Of these,the first two waves concentrate on the family and gender issues,which are diverse.The discussion and analysis of these.two issues can clarify Plato's thinking on the question of the famnily and gender and lead to a more comprehen-sive understanding of the issue.

关 键 词：柏拉图 理想国 家庭问题 性别问题 文本分析 

分 类 号：B502[哲学宗教—外国哲学]