竹片粗铣用分离输送装置设计与试验  

Development of separation conveyor for rough milling of bamboo pieces

作　　者：雷永杰 蒋鹏飞 冯海韵 王凡雨 周建波 傅万四[3] 张彬 肖飞[4] LEI Yongjie;JIANG Pengfei;FENG Haiyun;WANG Fanyu;ZHOU Jianbo;FU Wansi;ZHANG Bin;XIAO Fei(Harbin Institute of Forestry Machinery,State Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Harbin 150086,China;Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Harbin 150086,China;Research Institute of Wood Industry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]国家林业和草原局哈尔滨林业机械研究所,哈尔滨150086 [2]国家林业和草原局机电工程实验室,哈尔滨150086 [3]中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所,北京100091 [4]湖南省林业科学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2023年第2期131-137,共7页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(CAFYBB2021QC004)。

摘　　要：针对现行竹材粗铣加工完全依靠人工进料、作业效率低且存在安全隐患等问题,设计了一种竹片粗铣用分离输送装置。采用机械结构设计、建模分析及设备试验相结合的方法,首先研究了破竹后竹片粗铣机械化进料的工艺技术,确定了主要技术指标,然后对竹片粗铣连续化定向进料系统链式分选机构、阶梯式竹片分离单元、竹片智能识别及翻转单元以及粗铣自动送料单元进行了结构设计和原理阐述,最后通过试验验证了装备的合理性。通过试验验证,设备可实现搭桥竹片机械化分离、竹青竹黄面自动识别及翻转、竹片有序进料等功能,实现了竹片分离、粗铣上料的自动加工,大幅提高了竹材加工机械化、自动化水平。通过对竹片粗铣分离输送装置的现场试验,竹片分离率可达95%以上,1人可同时操作3台装置,工作效率可达人工分离的3倍以上,降低工人劳动强度且减少了安全隐患,适合实际生产的需要,为后续实现竹材初加工全程机械化提供了条件。Aiming at solving problems that the current rough milling of bamboo completely relies on manual feeding, the operation efficiency is low and there are potential safety risks, a separation and conveying device for rough milling of bamboo chips was developed in this study. Using the method of combining mechanical structure design, modeling analysis and equipment test, firstly, the process technology of mechanized feeding for rough milling of bamboo chips was studied, and the main technical indicators were determined. Then, the structural design and principle of the system chain sorting mechanism, the stepped bamboo separation unit, the bamboo intelligent identification and turning unit, and the rough milling automatic feeding unit were explored. Finally, the rationality of the equipment was verified by experiments. Through the experiments and verification, the equipment could realize the functions of mechanized separation of bamboo pieces, automatic identification and separation of bamboo green and yellow parts by turning, and orderly feeding of bamboo pieces, which greatly improved the mechanization and automation level of bamboo processing. Using 3-5 years’ old Phyllostachys pubescens with different diameters and lengths as test materials, a field test was carried out on the rough milling separation and conveying device for bamboo chips. The Box-Behnken central combination test design was adopted in the test, and the separation efficiency of the bamboo chips was tested with the rotational speed of the lifting chain, the width and the length of the bamboo chips as variable factors. Finally, the regression analysis was conducted on the test results, and the multiple regression fitting was performed to optimize the solution. The best experimental conditions for separation rate were obtained. The results showed that when the rotation speed of the bamboo chip lifting chain was 0.898 m/s, the separation rate of the bamboo chip with the length of 1 691 mm and the width of 6.15 mm was the best, reaching the separation

关 键 词：竹片粗铣 搭桥分离 竹片颜色识别 样机试验 

分 类 号：S776.9[农业科学—森林工程]