嫁接‘无刺大红袍’花椒基本品质与挥发性香气组分比较分析  

Comparative analysis of basic quality and volatile aroma components of grafted‘Thornless Dahongpao’pepper

作　　者：班明辉[1] 韩富军[2] 金光辉 王全奎 林培录 张聚会 黄艳芳 BAN Minghui;HAN Fujun;JIN Guanghui;WANG Quankui;LIN Peilu;ZHANG Juhui;HUANG Yanfang(Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Institute of Forest Fruits and Flowers,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Gansu Yongjing County Forest and Grass Business Development Center,Yongjin 731600,Gansu,China;Gansu Longnan Wudu District Urban Green Office,Wudu 746000,Gansu,China;Wenxian County Natural Resources Bureau of Longnan City Gansu Province,Wenxian 746400,Gansu,China;Gansu Longnan Wudu District Jinquan Prickly Ash Planting Farmers Professional Cooperatives,Wudu 746010,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省永靖县林草事业发展中心,甘肃永靖731600 [4]甘肃省陇南市武都区城区绿化办,甘肃武都746000 [5]甘肃省陇南市文县自然资源局,甘肃文县746400 [6]陇南市武都区金权无刺花椒种植农民专业合作社,甘肃武都746010

出　　处：《经济林研究》2023年第1期265-272,共8页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：甘肃省重点研发计划项目“国外无刺花椒新品种引进筛选与种质创新利用”(20YF8WA109);科技部引智示范推广项目“国外花椒品种引进筛选与抗旱抗寒优质高产无刺花椒新品种示范推广”(Y20186200001);甘肃省科技厅民生科技专项“临夏花椒绿色高效技术集成与产业提升标准化生产示范”(21CX6NA124)。

摘　　要：【目的】为探明‘无刺大红袍’花椒与‘大红袍’花椒基本品质的差异,明确‘无刺大红袍’花椒的挥发性香气组成,为该地区花椒品种改良、新品种选育和产业发展提供参考依据。【方法】以甘肃省农业科学院自主选育的嫁接‘无刺大红袍’花椒与甘肃省陇南市武都区当地‘大红袍’花椒为试材,对两者成熟期基本品质指标与挥发性香气组分进行测定。【结果】对花椒干果皮的品质测定发现,‘无刺大红袍’花椒干果皮中钾元素、磷元素和钙元素含量显著高于‘大红袍’花椒,水分、镁元素、锌元素、铜元素和锰元素含量显著低于‘大红袍’花椒;对花椒籽的品质测定发现,‘无刺大红袍’花椒花椒籽中硬脂酸和亚麻酸含量显著高于‘大红袍’花椒。对花椒干果皮挥发性香气物质的测定发现,‘无刺大红袍’花椒中检测出31种挥发性物质,‘大红袍’花椒中检测出32种挥发性物质,别罗勒烯和β-倍半水芹烯是‘无刺大红袍花椒’所特有的两种挥发性物质,苯乙酮为‘大红袍’花椒所特有的挥发性物质。对花椒籽挥发性香气物质的测定发现,‘无刺大红袍’花椒和‘大红袍’花椒籽中均检测出39种挥发性物质,两者所共有的挥发性物质28种,不同的挥发性物质22种,S-(-)-柠檬烯在两者花椒籽中含量最高,花椒干果皮和花椒籽中挥发性物质含量均表现为烃类>脂类>醇类。【结论】乙酸芳樟酯、S-(-)-柠檬烯、β-月桂烯、桧烯、芳樟醇、桉叶油醇在‘无刺大红袍’花椒干果皮中相对含量较高,S-(-)-柠檬烯和月桂烯在‘无刺大红袍’花椒籽中相对含量最高。烃类物质是花椒香气物质的主要组成成分。【Objective】The differences between the basic quality of‘Thornless Dahongpao’pepper and‘Dahongpao’pepper was explored,and the volatile aroma composition of‘Thornless Dahongpao’pepper was clarified to provide a reference basis for pepper variety improvement,new variety selection and industrial development in the region.【Method】The basic quality indicators and volatile aroma components of pepper at maturity were determined by grafted‘Dahongpao’pepper selected by Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences and local‘Dahongpao’pepper in Wudou District,Longnan City,Gansu Province.【Result】The quality measurement of dried pepper peel found that the contents of potassium,phosphorus and calcium in the dried peel of‘Thornless Dahongpao’pepper were significantly higher than those of‘Dahongpao’pepper,while the contents of water,magnesium,zinc,copper and manganese were significantly lower than those of‘Dahongpao’pepper.The quality of pepper seeds was determined,and the content of stearic and linolenic acids in pepper seeds of‘Thornless Dahongpao’pepper was significantly higher than that of‘Dahongpao’pepper.The determination of volatile aroma substances in the dried pepper peel revealed that 31 volatile substances were detected in‘Thornless Dahongpao’pepper and 32 volatile substances were detected in‘Dahongpao’pepper,and alloxylenes andβ-sesquiterpenes were the two volatile substances were unique to‘Thornless Dahongpao’,and acetophenone was a volatile substance unique to‘Dahongpao’pepper.The determination of volatile aroma substances of pepper seeds revealed that 39 volatile substances were detected in both‘Thornless Dahongpao’pepper and‘Dahongpao’pepper seeds,28 volatile substances common to both and 22 different volatile substances,S-(-)-limonene was the highest in both pepper seeds,and the content of volatile substances in both dried pepper peel and pepper seeds showed hydrocarbons>lipids>alcohols.【Conclusion】The relative contents of linalyl acetate,

关 键 词：无刺大红袍 花椒干果皮 花椒籽 挥发性物质 

分 类 号：S789[农业科学—林学] S573