论阳明学对朱子“学而”章诠释之再诠释——以王阳明、邹守益、罗汝芳的诠释为例  

On the Re-interpretation of Zhu Xi’s Interpretation of Chapter“Xue’er”by Yangming School

作　　者：郭诺明 张丽华 黎文雯 GUO Nuoming;ZHANG Lihua;LI Wenwen(School of Philosophy and Religious,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081;Nanchang Vocational University,Nanchang 330050;Jiangxi Institute of Socialism,Nanchang 330038,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学哲学与宗教学学院,北京100081 [2]南昌职业大学马克思主义学院,南昌330500 [3]江西省社会主义学院,南昌330038

出　　处：《合肥学院学报（综合版）》2023年第1期27-33,共7页Journal of Hefei University：Comprehensive ED

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“江右王门四书学文献整理与思想研究”(19YJC720013);江西省高校人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“江右王门《四书》诠释思想研究”(ZX18201)。

摘　　要：“学而”章被认为是代表“孔子一生精神”的写照,历来受到学者的重视。朱子对“学而”章的诠释要点是将“学”训为“效”,认为只有在“必效先觉”的工夫实践中才能“明善复初”,成就君子人格。朱子将“复性之学”与“每事必当学”统合起来诠释学之意蕴,体现出朱子试图统合形上与形下、知与行、情与理的哲学努力,却造成了某种内在的紧张。以王阳明、邹守益、罗汝芳为代表的阳明学者对“学而”章的诠释要点是将“学”理解为“觉”,学是以仁为内容的,认为“工夫只在心上做”,始终坚持心外无理、即本体即工夫的立场来诠释经典,试图将本体与工夫高度统一起来,体现出心学独特的诠释面向。The chapter“Xue’er”is regarded as the portrayal of Confucius’life spirit,so it has always been valued by scholars.The main point of Zhu Xi’s interpretation of this chapter is to interpret“learning”as“imitating”.He believes that only by“imitating the sages”can learners be helped to restore their innate goodness and achieve a gentleman’s personality.However,Zhu Xi combined“the knowledge of restoring innate goodness”with“everything must be learned”,which eliminates the boundary between the study of knowledge and the study of virtue,so this interpretation was criticized by Wang Yangming as“seeking truth from the outside”.As for this chapter,Yangming school actually interpreted“learning”as“self-consciousness”.Therefore,they defined“learning”as moral philosophy.They think that there is no truth outside the mind.At the same time,they think that people’s behavior should be guided by internal moral laws.

关 键 词：“学而”章 朱熹 王阳明 邹守益 罗汝芳 经典诠释 

分 类 号：B248.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]