清代中晚期程朱陆王论争问题的历史发展  

The Historical Development of the Controversy Between the Cheng-Zhu and Lu-Wang Schools in the Middle and Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：徐公喜[1] 卢庆辉 XU Gongxi;LU Qinghui(Research Institute of Zhu Zi School,Shangrao Normal University,Shangrao 3340l,China)

机构地区：[1]上饶师范学院朱子学研究所,江西上饶334001

出　　处：《齐鲁学刊》2023年第2期26-38,共13页Qilu Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“传统朱子学学术史研究”(18BZX065)。

摘　　要：清康熙五十一年(1712),朱子升配十哲之列,朱子学备受尊崇。及至清中晚期,理学内部的道统问题基本解决,程朱陆王之学乃以调和的姿态共同对付来自理学之外的学术冲击成为主流。随着清中晚期乾嘉汉学的兴起与消长、西学的渗透与冲击,理学士人更是会通汉学与宋学,程朱陆王学术融合成为主流。不过,这种“融合”却多从形式上会通,而少有理论内涵上的创新。程朱陆王论争问题的重点已不再以是否“正统”为主要内容,而是转变成了纯学术方法论的问题,注重以不同的方法、范式来表达自我,回归朱陆文本元典。同样的,在十九世纪后期以至近现代朱子学时期,虽然程朱陆王论争问题成为学界一再提及的话题,但这时对于程朱陆王学术思想的辨析基本都与方法之变有关,并没有太多关于其学术内涵本质性差异的讨论。In the fifty-first year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty(1712 AD),Zhu Xi's status in the Confucian Temple was promoted,and his status was juxtaposed with the past ten philosophers,and Zhu Zi study was also revered.In the middle and late Qing Dynasty,the Confucian Dao-Orthodoxy issue within Neo-Confucianism had basically been resolved.The Cheng-Zhu School and the Lu-Wang School were able to deal with the external academic impact of Neo-Confucianism in a harmonious state and became the mainstream of academic development.With the rise and fall of Qian-jia Sinology in the middle and late Qing Dynasty,and the infiltration and impact of Western learning,Neo-Confucian scholars became more proficient in Han Studies and Song Studies,and the integration of the Cheng-Zhu School and the Lu-Wang School became the mainstream.However,this kind of integration is mostly formal,with less theoretical content innovation.The focus of the controversy between the Cheng-Zhu and Lu-Wang Schools no longer centers on issues of orthodoxy,but rather has shifted to pure academic methodological issues,emphasizing the use of different methods and patterns to express oneself,and returning to original texts.Similarly,in the late 19th century and even the modern Zhu Zi Study,although the controversy of the Cheng-Zhu and Lu-Wang became a topic repeatedly mentioned by scholars,the analysis of the Cheng-Zhu and Lu-Wangs academic thought at this time was basically related to the change of method,and there was not much discussion about the essential differences in its academic connotation.

关 键 词：清代中晚期 程朱陆王论争问题 文化政策 调和 方法论 

分 类 号：B249[哲学宗教—中国哲学] B244