海德格尔“实际生活经验”思想的哲学—传记式探源  

A Philosophical-Biographical Study on the Fountain of Heidegger’s Thought about the Factic Life Experience

作　　者：朱松峰[1] ZHU Songfeng

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学哲学院,430073

出　　处：《国外社会科学前沿》2023年第3期3-15,F0002,共14页JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCES

基　　金：“中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目资助”(2722021DS003)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在早期的弗莱堡时期,海德格尔哲学研究的核心是其“实际生活经验”思想。由此,要从根本上理解他的这一思想,就需要以哲学—传记的方式在其形成时所处的时代及海德格尔的个人生活经验中探索其源泉。以这样一种方式的研究表明:由于海德格尔出生于一个危机越来越深重的、动荡不安的时代,而且他又经历了艰难的生活,所以这就决定了其思想的“原初动机”,即在动荡的、艰难的时代和生活中,追寻生活的真理,拒斥生活的谎言,在不断的追问中做痛苦的决断。事实上,在其学生时期发表的文章中,这一动机就已表达了出来。也正是他的这一动机,推动着海德格尔积极参与战争,并实现了艰难的宗教转变,而这又最为直接地把他的哲学关注进一步引向了现实的生活,进一步看到了现实生活对于哲学思考所具有的意义,因而最终在1919年,海德格尔突入了“实际生活经验”的领域,并且把“动荡不安”规定为“实际生活经验”的两个基本特征之一。由此,“艰难”“生活的真理”“自由”等,也被他看作是组建“实际生活经验”的关键因素。The corn of Heidegger’s Philosophy during his early Freiburg period is his thought about “factic life experience”. So, in order to radically understand this thought, it is doomed to probe its fountain in Heidegger’s times and his personal life experience when he developed this thought in a philosophical-biographical approach.This kind of study will show that: Heidegger was born in a times whose crisis became more and more grave and turbulent and went through hard life, which determined the “original motive” of his thought, that is, searching for the truth of life and rejecting the lie of life in the turbulent and hard times and life, as well as making bitter decisions in constant questioning;This original motive expressed in Heidegger’s published articles during his student period;It is this motive that motived Heidegger to actively engage in the war and fulfill the hard conversion of religious belief, which in turn motived his philosophy to focus on the real life and to catch sight of the meaning of real life to philosophy, and finally to inburst into the realm of factic life experience, one of whose basic character is turbulence and whose key forming elements are “hardship”, “the truth of life” and “freedom” etc.

关 键 词：实际生活经验 原初动机 动荡不安 艰难时代 生活的真理 

分 类 号：B51[哲学宗教—外国哲学]