共治视域下荷兰职业教育高质量发展公私合作运行模式嬗变  

Evolution of Public-private Cooperation Operation Mode of High-quality Development of Vocational Education in the Netherlands from the Perspective of Co-governance

作　　者：潘海生 杨慧 PAN Haisheng;YANG Hui(School of Education,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072)

机构地区：[1]天津大学教育学院,天津300072

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2023年第4期73-83,共11页International and Comparative Education

基　　金：2020年度教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“职业教育专业建设与产业发展的谱系图研究”(项目编号:20JZD055)。

摘　　要：20世纪80年代以来,深化公私合作一直是荷兰职业教育转型发展的重要举措。20世纪90年代,荷兰为促进职业教育人才供需匹配而建立起以就业为导向的能力本位公私合作运行模式,解决了行业企业对职业教育参与不足的问题,且在职业教育领域形成多元共治格局。但因行业主导的标准化教育行动与区域产业实际需求相背离,导致校企互动不畅、合作不深现象日益凸显,使职业教育难以满足技术创新和产业升级对高质量技术技能人才的需求。为此,荷兰从2011年开始以“领先行业计划”为契机,遵循以“共治”达“高质”的变革逻辑,逐渐建立起以创新为导向的质量本位公私合作运行模式。该模式凭借政府部门的有效参与、专门化运行机构的成立、多样化人才培养途径的开辟、系统化运行机制的建立,推动校企从浅层走向深入合作,充分发挥公私合作的互补优势,有效促进了荷兰职业教育的高质量发展。Since the 1980s,deepening public-private cooperation has been an important measure for the transformation and upgrading of vocational education in the Netherlands.In the 1990s,the Netherlands established an employment-oriented capability-based public-private partnership operation mode to promote the matching of supply and demand of vocational education talents.It solved the problem of insufficient participation of industrial enterprises in vocational education,and formed a pluralistic co-governance pattern in the field of vocational education.However,due to the deviation between the industry-leading standardized education action and the actual needs of regional industries,the phenomenon of poor interaction and cooperation between schools and enterprises has become increasingly prominent,which makes it difficult for vocational education to meet the demand for highquality technical and skilled personnel for technological innovation and industrial upgrading.To this end,the Netherlands has taken the"Leading Industry Plan"as an opportunity since 2011,followed the transformation logic of"co-governance"to"high-quality",and gradually established an innovation-oriented quality-based publicprivate partnership operation mode.This model relies on the effective participation of government departments,the establishment of specialized operation institutions,the opening of diversified talent training channels,and the establishment of systematic operation mechanism.It has promoted the cooperation between schools and enterprises from shallow level to deep level,giving full play to the complementary advantages of public-private cooperation,and effectively promoting the high-quality development of vocational education in the Netherlands.

关 键 词：职业教育 共治 公私合作 

分 类 号：G719[文化科学—职业技术教育学]