论谢灵运隐逸行为与思想———以《山居赋》为中心  

Xie Lingyun's Seclusive Behaviors and Thoughts:Taking Ode to Mountain Dwelling as the Center

作　　者：钱志熙[1] QIANZhixi

机构地区：[1]北京大学中文系,北京100871

出　　处：《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2023年第2期63-73,共11页Journal of Social Science of Hunan Normal University

摘　　要：《宋书》本传对谢灵运仕与隐的经历有比较完整的叙述,但带有政治上的偏见,其中“所至辄为诗咏,以致其意焉”一句,实是揭示了谢灵运永嘉山水诗希隐怀归的重要主题.这种隐归情绪存在于谢灵运整个仕宦过程,在他的乐府诗、山水诗、赠诗中都有表现.《山居赋》的写作动机,在于向朝野士庶解释隐逸行为,并且建构一种以自然思想为基础、顺从性情为宗旨的门阀士族新的隐逸思想.同时,谢灵运还有意识地标榜存在于会稽郡中的新旧两种隐逸传统.谢氏上述行为与思想,在中国古代隐逸行为与思想的发展史上,具有相当重要的地位.The History of Song Dynasty gives a relatively complete account of Xie Lingyun's experience of serving as an official and living in seclusion,but it has a political bias against him.However,“he wrote poems to express his emotions wherever he arrived”,which shows the important theme of his Yongjia landscape poems,that is,his hope to retreat.This e-motion existed in his whole process of being an official,and was expressed in his poems of the Yuefu style.His motivation in writing of Ode to Mountain Dwelling(Shanju Fu)was to interpret seclusive behavior to the gentry and civilians and to con-struct a new aristocratic seclusive thought based on natural thought and aiming at obedience to emotional nature for the gen-try of powerful families.Related to this,Xie Lingyun also consciously highlighted both the old and new traditions of seclu-sion in Kuaiji County.These behaviors and thoughts of Xie's occupy a very important position in the history of the develop-ment of seclusive behaviors and thoughts in ancient China.

关 键 词：谢灵运 隐逸行为 隐逸思想 自然与名教 《山居赋》 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]