尼采悲剧观中的道家精神——《悲剧的诞生》的一种解读可能  

The Taoist Spirit in Nietasche’s View of Tragedy:A possible Interpretation of the Birth of Tragedy

作　　者：何波宏 HE Bohong(Department of Philosophy,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学哲学系,北京100871

出　　处：《宜宾学院学报》2023年第4期101-109,共9页Journal of Yibin University

基　　金：四川大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目“竹林玄学思想研究”(skbsh2019-03)。

摘　　要：尼采通过否定二元对立的抽象理性,揭去充盈着力与美的生命世界上覆盖的面纱,并以此为理论出发点理解悲剧。在《悲剧的诞生》中,他试图通过重释古希腊传统悲剧摧毁苏格拉底以来“使生存显得可以理解”的理性世界观,达到酒神精神的生命狂欢与日神精神梦幻形象的统一。这种冲破单一的理性视角而触及生命存在本身的哲学与一向推崇体验阐发、从天人同理的视角解读存在与生命的道家哲学极具共域性。然而,在《老子》等道家文本的鉴照下,尼采虽感受到虚伪的理性世界背后道的生发流通,却难以对其如实描述、建立妥当的思维径路,因而其酒神精神又在外显表征与进入方式上与先秦道家哲学、乃至中国哲学的世界观、生命观大异其趣。rationality of duality,Nietzsche lifts the veil that covers the world of life that is full of energy and beauty,and uses this as a theoretical starting point to understand tragedy.In The Birth of Tragedy,he attempts to achieve the unity of the carnival of life of Dionysian spirit and the dreamy image of the spirit of the sun god by reinterpreting the ancient Greek traditional tragedy to destroy the rational worldview of Socrates since“making survival seem understandable”.This philosophy that breaks through a single rational perspective and touches on the existence of life itself is very common to the Taoist philosophy that has always advocated exposition of experience and interpreted existence and life from the perspective of the empathy of Heaven and man.However,from the Taoist thought represented by Lao Tzu,although Nietzsche feels the emergence and circulation of the Tao behind the hypocritical rational world,it is difficult to truthfully describe this and establish a correct way of thinking,so his Dionysian spirit is very different from the pre-Qin Taoist philosophy and even the world view and life outlook of Chinese philosophy in terms of outward representation and entry.

关 键 词：尼采 悲剧的诞生 老子 道家哲学 

分 类 号：B505[哲学宗教—外国哲学]