非对称鹰鸽博弈均衡解稳定性及其应用  

On the Stability of Equilibrium Solution of Asymmetric Hawk-Dove Game and Its Application

作　　者：刘俞希 龚日朝[1] 刘香伶 LIU Yuxi;GONG Rizhao;LIU Xiangling(School of Business,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学商学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《湖南科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期105-115,共11页Journal of Hunan University of Science And Technology：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(20BGL299)。

摘　　要：鹰鸽博弈模型是刻画动物世界或人类社会竞争与冲突等行为决策的经典模型.考虑博弈双方实力差距对均衡解的影响问题,构建一个新的支付矩阵.运用演化博弈理论研究发现:鹰鸽博弈Nash均衡解的存在性与稳定性由参与双方的实力差距、成本收益率和博弈初始状态组合等因素之间的相依关系决定.由此揭示了人类社会面对竞争与冲突时的“人为财死,鸟为食亡”自然现象,以及人类社会理性人的“量力而行”与“见机行事”等行为特征,并给出了如何“量力”与如何“见机”的决策模型和判断依据.The Hawk-Dove model is a classic model that portrays behavioral decisions such as competition and conflict in the animal world or human society.Considering the influence of the strength gap between the two sides of the game on the equilibrium solution,a new payoff matrix is constructed.Based on the evolutionary game theory,the study finds that the existence and stability of the Nash equilibrium solution of the game are determined by the interdependence between the player's strength gap,the cost-return rate,and the initial state of the game.These reveal the natural phenomenon of the fact that“people die for wealth,while birds die for food”in the face of competitive conflicts in human society,and the behavioral characteristics of rational people in human society such as“operating within their capabilities”and“acting at opportunities”,and gives the suggestions of how to“measure the capabilities”and“identify the opportunities”.

关 键 词：实力差距 鹰鸽博弈 NASH均衡 稳定性 

分 类 号：F276.4[经济管理—企业管理]