《吕氏春秋》生态哲学思想探赜  

Exploration of Eco‑Philosophical Thought in Lü's Commentaries of History

作　　者：姚海涛 YAO Haitao(School of Marxism,Qingdao City University)

机构地区：[1]青岛城市学院马克思主义学院

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第2期47-61,共15页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：2021年度山东省社会科学规划研究项目“稷下学派生态哲学思想研究”(21CPYJ13)。

摘　　要：《吕氏春秋》思想承自稷下道学,具有丰富的生态哲学思想内涵。从类别和归属来看,属于稷下道家式的生态哲学。在以农业为本的古代社会条件下,《吕氏春秋》以贯通先验与经验的入思向度,建构起了集整体论生态世界观与具体生态实践法则于一体的独特生态哲学思想。其整体论生态世界观,可谓之为天地人三才之道视域下天道、性命相贯通的人与自然生命共同体。具体言之有三:一为天道尚圜,地道尚方;二为天地阴阳,不言而信;三为贵公去私,养有五道。纲下有目,纲举目张。其具体生态实践法则包括道理与本分、生生与因时、律气与制度三大维度。具体言之有四:一是执道循理,审本定分;二是尊生重生,人物共存;三是贵因顺时,因类合宜;四是以律候气,风化建制。深入挖掘《吕氏春秋》内蕴的博大精深、淹贯精微的生态哲学思想,对于新时代生态文明建设有着重要的理论指导与现实启迪意义。The ideological roots of Lü's Commentaries of History can be traced back to the Jixia Academy,and it contains abundant ecological philosophical content.In terms of category and attribution,it belongs to the Daoist eco‐philosophy of Jixia Academy.Under the ancient agriculture‐based social conditions,Lü's Commentaries of History,with the integration of a priori and empirical thinking,constructed a unique ecological philosophy that combines a holistic ecological worldview with specific ecological practice rules.According to its holistic ecological worldview,the world can be described as a shared community of life between human and nature.To be specific,there are three aspects:First,the Way of Heaven values roundness and the Way of Earth values squareness;Second,the interplay of Yin and Yang in Heaven and Earth is intuitive and undeniable;Third,one should prioritize public welfare over personal interests and nurture the five virtues.The specific ecological practice rules involve the following dimensions:reason and duty,vitality and timing,regulations and systems.Specifically,there are four aspects:First,adhering to the principle and distinguishing right from wrong;Second,respecting and cherishing all lives,and coexisting with all creatures;Third,prioritizing causes and adapting to the times and circumstances;fourth,following regulations and observing natural cycles,and establishing a system that is consistent with natural patterns.In‐depth exploration of the profound and subtle eco‐philosophical ideas inherent in Lü's Commentaries of History provides important theoretical guidance and practical enlightenment for the construction of ecological civilization in the new era.

关 键 词：《吕氏春秋》 生态哲学 稷下道家 整体论生态世界观 生态实践法则 

分 类 号：B229.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学] X2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]